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Cytokines and clinical predictors in distinguishing pulmonary transfusion reactions.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Pulmonary transfusion reactions are important complications of blood transfusion, yet differentiating these clinical syndromes is diagnostically challenging. We hypothesized that biologic markers of inflammation could be used in conjunction with clinical predictors to distinguish transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), and possible TRALI. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:In a nested case-control study performed at the University of California at San Francisco and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, we evaluated clinical data and blood samples drawn before and after transfusion in patients with TRALI (n?=?70), possible TRALI (n?=?48), TACO (n?=?29), and controls (n?=?147). Cytokines measured included granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-?. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics curve analyses were used to determine the accuracy of clinical predictors and laboratory markers in differentiating TACO, TRALI, and possible TRALI. RESULTS:Before and after transfusion, IL-6 and IL-8 were elevated in patients with TRALI and possible TRALI relative to controls, and IL-10 was elevated in patients with TACO and possible TRALI relative to that of TRALI and controls. For all pulmonary transfusion reactions, the combination of clinical variables and cytokine measurements displayed optimal diagnostic performance, and the model comparing TACO and TRALI correctly classified 92% of cases relative to expert panel diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS:Before transfusion, there is evidence of systemic inflammation in patients who develop TRALI and possible TRALI but not TACO. A predictive model incorporating readily available clinical and cytokine data effectively differentiated transfusion-related respiratory complications such as TRALI and TACO.

SUBMITTER: Roubinian NH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4536135 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cytokines and clinical predictors in distinguishing pulmonary transfusion reactions.

Roubinian Nareg H NH Looney Mark R MR Kor Daryl J DJ Lowell Clifford A CA Gajic Ognjen O Hubmayr Rolf D RD Gropper Michael A MA Koenigsberg Monique M Wilson Gregory A GA Matthay Michael A MA Toy Pearl P Murphy Edward L EL

Transfusion 20150223 8

<h4>Background</h4>Pulmonary transfusion reactions are important complications of blood transfusion, yet differentiating these clinical syndromes is diagnostically challenging. We hypothesized that biologic markers of inflammation could be used in conjunction with clinical predictors to distinguish transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), and possible TRALI.<h4>Study design and methods</h4>In a nested case-control study performed at the U ...[more]

PMID: 25702590

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Project description:BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) clinical prediction rules rely on presence of symptoms, however many undiagnosed cases in the community are asymptomatic. This study aimed to explore the utility of clinical factors in predicting TB among people with HIV not seeking care.MethodsBaseline data were analysed from an observational cohort of ambulant adults with HIV in South Africa. Participants were tested for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) sensitisation (interferon-γ release assay, IGRA) and microbiologically-confirmed prevalent pulmonary TB disease at baseline, and actively surveilled for incident TB through 15 months. Multivariable LASSO regression with post-selection inference was used to test associations with Mtb sensitisation and TB disease.FindingsBetween March 22, 2017, and May 15, 2018, 861 participants were enrolled; Among 851 participants included in the analysis, 94·5% were asymptomatic and 45·9% sensitised to Mtb. TB prevalence was 2·0% at baseline and incidence 2·3/100 person-years through 15 months follow-up. Study site was associated with baseline Mtb sensitisation (p < 0·001), prevalent (p < 0·001), and incident TB disease (p = 0·037). Independent of site, higher CD4 counts (per 50 cells/mm3, aOR 1·48, 95%CI 1·12-1·77, p = 0·006) were associated with increased IGRA positivity, and participants without TB disease (aOR 0·80, 95%CI 0·69-0·94, p = 0·006) had reduced IGRA positivity; no variables were independently associated with prevalent TB. Mixed ancestry (aHR 1·49, 95%CI 1·30->1000, p = 0·005) and antiretroviral initiation (aHR 1·48, 95%CI 1·01-929·93, p = 0·023) were independently associated with incident TB. Models incorporating clinical features alone performed poorly in diagnosing prevalent (AUC 0·65, 95%CI 0·44-0·85) or predicting progression to incident (0·67, 0·46-0·88) TB.InterpretationCD4 count and antiretroviral initiation, proxies for immune status and HIV stage, were associated with Mtb sensitisation and TB disease. Inadequate performance of clinical prediction models may reflect predominantly subclinical disease diagnosed in this setting and unmeasured local site factors affecting transmission and progression.FundingThe CORTIS-HR study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1151915) and by the Strategic Health Innovation Partnerships Unit of the South African Medical Research Council with funds received from the South African Department of Science and Technology. The regulatory sponsor was the University of Cape Town.

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Cytokines and clinical predictors in distinguishing pulmonary transfusion reactions.

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Cytokines and clinical predictors in distinguishing pulmonary transfusion reactions.

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