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Associations of obesity and body fat distribution with incident atrial fibrillation in the biracial health aging and body composition cohort of older adults.

ABSTRACT: Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), yet adiposity measures other than body mass index (BMI) have had limited assessment in relation to AF risk. We examined the associations of adiposity measures with AF in a biracial cohort of older adults. Given established racial differences in obesity and AF, we assessed for differences by black and white race in relating adiposity and AF.We analyzed data from 2,717 participants of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Adiposity measures were BMI, abdominal circumference, subcutaneous and visceral fat area, and total and percent fat mass. We determined the associations between the adiposity measures and 10-year incidence of AF using Cox proportional hazards models and assessed for their racial differences in these estimates.In multivariable-adjusted models, 1-SD increases in BMI, abdominal circumference, and total fat mass were associated with a 13% to 16% increased AF risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.28; HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.04-1.28; and HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.002-1.27). Subcutaneous and visceral fat areas were not significantly associated with incident AF. We did not identify racial differences in the associations between the adiposity measures and AF.Body mass index, abdominal circumference, and total fat mass are associated with risk of AF for 10years among white and black older adults. Obesity is one of a limited number of modifiable risk factors for AF; future studies are essential to evaluate how obesity reduction can modify the incidence of AF.

SUBMITTER: Aronis KN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4575766 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations of obesity and body fat distribution with incident atrial fibrillation in the biracial health aging and body composition cohort of older adults.

Aronis Konstantinos N KN Wang Na N Phillips Caroline L CL Benjamin Emelia J EJ Marcus Gregory M GM Newman Anne B AB Rodondi Nicolas N Satterfield Suzanne S Harris Tamara B TB Magnani Jared W JW

American heart journal 20150614 3

<h4>Unlabelled</h4>Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), yet adiposity measures other than body mass index (BMI) have had limited assessment in relation to AF risk. We examined the associations of adiposity measures with AF in a biracial cohort of older adults. Given established racial differences in obesity and AF, we assessed for differences by black and white race in relating adiposity and AF.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from 2,717 participants of the Heal ...[more]

PMID: 26385033

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To examine associations of diet quality indicators with 4-year incidence of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, United States. PARTICIPANTS:Community-dwelling men and women, aged 70 to 81?years in 1998 to 1999 (first follow-up, present study's baseline; n?=?2154). MEASUREMENTS:At first follow-up, dietary intake over the preceding year was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Indicators of diet quality include the Healthy Eating Index (categorized as poor, medium, and good), energy intake, and protein intake (a priori adjusted for energy intake using the nutrient residual model). Frailty status was determined using Fried's five-component frailty phenotype and categorized into "robust" (0 components present), "pre-frailty" (1 - 2 components present), or "frail" (3-5 components present). Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to examine associations of the diet quality indicators with 4-year incidence of (1) frailty and (2) pre-frailty or frailty. Competing risk analysis was used to examine associations with frailty by accounting for competing risks of death. RESULTS:During the 4-year follow-up, 277 of the 2154 participants, robust or pre-frail at baseline, developed frailty, and 629 of the 1020 participants, robust at baseline, developed pre-frailty or frailty. Among the robust and pre-frail, after adjustment for confounders including energy intake, those consuming poor- and medium-quality diets had a higher frailty incidence than those consuming good-quality diets (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.92 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 1.17-3.17] and HR = 1.40 [95% CI = 0.99-1.98], respectively). No associations for energy or protein intake were observed. Competing risk analyses yielded similar results. Among the robust, those with lower vegetable protein intake had a higher "pre-frailty or frailty" incidence (per -10 g/d: HR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.04-1.39). No other associations were observed. CONCLUSION:Poorer overall diet quality and lower vegetable protein intake may increase the risk of becoming frail in old age. We found no association for intakes of energy, total protein, or animal protein. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1835-1842, 2019.

Project description:BackgroundAdipose tissue may have different metabolic and endocrine functions depending on the region of the body in which it is located. While visceral or intra-abdominal fat has been found to contribute to leptin concentrations, insulin resistance and obesity-related diseases, there are only a few imaging studies documenting the preferential distribution of body fat to either the intra-abdominal or subcutaneous compartments in dogs. This study aimed to determine if CT-measured abdominal fat distributed preferentially to the visceral space (V) relative to the subcutaneous space (SQ), with increasing DXA-determined total body fat percentage; and if ultrasound measurements of the ventral midline subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose thickness (VAT) can be used to estimate the distribution of fat to the subcutaneous and visceral abdominal spaces, in a sample of 22 dogs with variable body condition.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed no statistically significant correlation between visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (V/SQ) and increasing total body fat percentage (??=???0.07, p?=?0.733), but strong correlation with age (??=?0.71 p?=?0.002). A substantial amount of variation for the ultrasound visceral adipose thickness to subcutaneous fat thickness (VAT/SAT) could be explained by both CT V/SQ and sex (R2Adjusted?=?0.477, p?=?0.001), with female dogs having significant lower VAT/SAT ratios compared to the male dogs (p?=?0.047). The ultrasound fat measurements appeared moderately reliable, but a larger sample number is required to confirm this.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that dogs with a relatively healthy to slightly overweight body condition score, distribute fat relatively similarly between their peritoneal (visceral) and subcutaneous abdominal compartments with increasing total body fat percentage. However, there was increased fat distribution to the peritoneal space relative to the subcutaneous space with increasing age. Further, abdominal ultrasound may be useful in estimating the ratio of fat distribution to both the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous spaces.

Dataset Information

Associations of obesity and body fat distribution with incident atrial fibrillation in the biracial health aging and body composition cohort of older adults.

Publications

Associations of obesity and body fat distribution with incident atrial fibrillation in the biracial health aging and body composition cohort of older adults.

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