Dataset Information

Cephalometric Analysis of the Facial Skeletal Morphology of Female Patients Exhibiting Skeletal Class II Deformity with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

This study evaluated the differences in the facial morphological characteristics of female patients exhibiting skeletal class II deformity with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis.

Methods

Eighty-three female patients with skeletal class II deformity were included in this study; these patients were classified into three groups on the basis of the condylar features shown in cone-beam computed tomography scans: normal group, indeterminate for osteoarthrosis group, and osteoarthrosis group. The cephalometric differences among the three groups were evaluated through one-way ANOVA.

Results

Of the 83 patients, 52.4% were diagnosed with osteoarthrosis, as indicated by the changes in the condylar osseous component. The cephalometric measurements that represented skeletal characteristics, including mandibular position relative to the cranial base, mandibular plane angle (MP-SN), posterior facial height (S-Go), and facial height ratio, were significantly different among the three groups (p < 0.05). The patients in the osteoarthrosis group yielded the smallest S-Go, the highest MP-SN, and the most retruded mandible.

Conclusions

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis is commonly observed in female patients with skeletal class II deformity. The morphological characteristics of the facial skeleton in patients with bilateral condylar osteoarthrosis may be altered.

SUBMITTER: Chen S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4608765 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Cephalometric Analysis of the Facial Skeletal Morphology of Female Patients Exhibiting Skeletal Class II Deformity with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis.

Chen Shuo S Lei Jie J Fu Kai-Yuan KY Wang Xing X Yi Biao B

PloS one 20151016 10

<h4>Purpose</h4>This study evaluated the differences in the facial morphological characteristics of female patients exhibiting skeletal class II deformity with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis.<h4>Methods</h4>Eighty-three female patients with skeletal class II deformity were included in this study; these patients were classified into three groups on the basis of the condylar features shown in cone-beam computed tomography scans: normal group, indeterminate for osteoarthrosis gr ...[more]

PMID: 26474490

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Project description:The regular collection of 3-dimensional (3D) imaging data is critical to the development and implementation of accurate predictive models of facial skeletal growth. However, repeated exposure to x-ray-based modalities such as cone-beam computed tomography has unknown risks that outweigh many potential benefits, especially in pediatric patients. One solution is to make inferences about the facial skeleton from external 3D surface morphology captured using safe nonionizing imaging modalities alone. However, the degree to which external 3D facial shape is an accurate proxy of skeletal morphology has not been previously quantified. As a first step in validating this approach, we tested the hypothesis that population-level variation in the 3D shape of the face and skeleton significantly covaries.We retrospectively analyzed 3D surface and skeletal morphology from a previously collected cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography database of nonsurgical orthodontics patients and used geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics to test the hypothesis that shape variation in external face and internal skeleton covaries.External facial morphology is highly predictive of variation in internal skeletal shape ([Rv] = 0.56, P <0.0001; partial least squares [PLS] 1-13 = 98.7% covariance, P <0.001) and asymmetry (Rv = 0.34, P <0.0001; PLS 1-5 = 90.2% covariance, P <0.001), whereas age-related (r(2) = 0.84, P <0.001) and size-related (r(2) = 0.67, P <0.001) shape variation was also highly correlated.Surface morphology is a reliable source of proxy data for the characterization of skeletal shape variation and thus is particularly valuable in research designs where reducing potential long-term risks associated with radiologic imaging methods is warranted. We propose that longitudinal surface morphology from early childhood through late adolescence can be a valuable source of data that will facilitate the development of personalized craniodental and treatment plans and reduce exposure levels to as low as reasonably achievable.

Project description:Craniofacial secondary cartilages of the mandibular condyle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) eminence grow in response to the local mechanical environment. The intervening TMJ disc distributes normal loads over the cartilage surfaces and provides lubrication. A better understanding of the mechanical environment and its effects on growth, development, and degeneration of the TMJ may improve treatments aimed at modifying jaw growth and preventing or reversing degenerative joint disease (DJD). This review highlights data recorded in human subjects and from computer modeling that elucidate the role of mechanics in TMJ ontogeny. Presented data provide an approximation of the age-related changes in jaw-loading behaviors and TMJ contact mechanics. The cells of the mandibular condyle, eminence, and disc respond to the mechanical environment associated with behaviors and ultimately determine the TMJ components' mature morphologies and susceptibility to precocious development of DJD compared to postcranial joints. The TMJ disc may be especially prone to degenerative change due to its avascularity and steep oxygen and glucose gradients consequent to high cell density and rate of nutrient consumption, as well as low solute diffusivities. The combined effects of strain-related hypoxia and limited glucose concentrations dramatically affect synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which limit repair capabilities. Magnitude and frequency of jaw loading influence this localized in situ environment, including stem and fibrocartilage cell chemistry, as well as the rate of ECM mechanical fatigue. Key in vivo measurements to characterize the mechanical environment include the concentration of work input to articulating tissues, known as energy density, and the percentage of time that muscles are used to load the jaws out of a total recording time, known as duty factor. Combining these measurements into a mechanobehavioral score and linking these to results of computer models of strain-regulated biochemical events may elucidate the mechanisms responsible for growth, maintenance, and deterioration of TMJ tissues.

Dataset Information

Cephalometric Analysis of the Facial Skeletal Morphology of Female Patients Exhibiting Skeletal Class II Deformity with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Cephalometric Analysis of the Facial Skeletal Morphology of Female Patients Exhibiting Skeletal Class II Deformity with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis.

Similar Datasets

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