Dataset Information

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Morphology and Facial Asymmetry in Individuals with Different Vertical Skeletal Growth Patterns.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the current study was to investigate, by means of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), condyle-fossa relationship, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and facial asymmetry in subjects with different vertical skeletal growth patterns. CBCT of 56 patients (112 TMJs) were categorized into three groups according to the mandibular plane angle (MP): Hypodivergent (MP ≤ 23°), Normodivergent (23° < MP < 30°), and Hyperdivergent (MP ≥ 30°). TMJ spaces, width and depth of the condyle and thickness of the fossa were measured. Horizontal and vertical measurements were used to assess facial asymmetry. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Turkey tests were computed for the between-groups comparison. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Larger anterior joint space and smaller condylar dimensions (medio-lateral diameter and medio-lateral thickness) were observed in the hyperdivergent group compared to the normodivergent and hypodivergent groups. Right condylar distances to midsagittal plane were significantly larger than left distances in all the three groups. A vertical pattern of growth in healthy individuals seems to be associated with condylar position and dimension, while facial asymmetry values do not differ among different vertical groups.

SUBMITTER: Diwakar R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9859447 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Three-Dimensional Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Morphology and Facial Asymmetry in Individuals with Different Vertical Skeletal Growth Patterns.

Diwakar Rohan R Bucci Rosaria R Kaushik Ankur A Bansal Anubhav A Bucci Paolo P Kochhar Anuraj Singh AS Spagnuolo Gianrico G

International journal of environmental research and public health 20230112 2

The aim of the current study was to investigate, by means of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), condyle−fossa relationship, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and facial asymmetry in subjects with different vertical skeletal growth patterns. CBCT of 56 patients (112 TMJs) were categorized into three groups according to the mandibular plane angle (MP): Hypodivergent (MP ≤ 23°), Normodivergent (23° < MP < 30°), and Hyperdivergent (MP ≥ 30°). TMJ spaces, width and depth of the condyle and ...[more]

PMID: 36674193

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Project description:BackgroundInvestigating the morphological and functional effects on mandibular asymmetry (MA) is important not only to understand the developmental process of masticatory dysfunction, but also to provide suggestions for evidence-based occlusal treatment.AimTo evaluate three-dimensional temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and its relationship to asymmetrical condylar movement in MA patients.Materials and methodsFifty subjects were divided into MA and control groups (n = 25 each) according to a menton deviation of 4 mm from the mid-sagittal plane. TMJ morphology (condyle, glenoid fossa and TMJ spaces) were evaluated using a three-dimensional analysis programme. Three-dimensional condylar movements (from the sagittal and horizontal planes) were recorded and measured by computerized axiography on protrusion. Side-to-side asymmetry was measured for each parameter. The asymmetry index value was calculated to assess the correlation between TMJ morphology and condylar movement. For the statistical analysis, Wilcoxon's signed-ranked test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's rank correlation were used.ResultsGlenoid fossa volume, surface area, anteroposterior length, and condylar volume were significantly smaller, and articular eminence angle, glenoid fossa, and condylar axial angle were significantly larger, on the shifted side of the MA group when compared with those on the non-shifted side and the mean values of the control group (P < 0.05). The TMJ spaces of the MA group showed no bilateral difference but were significantly narrower in the medial, superior, and anterior joint spaces when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Condylar path length and sagittal condylar inclination were significantly asymmetrical. The asymmetry index of the condyle volume was significantly correlated with that of the condylar path length (P = 0.005). The asymmetry index of the glenoid fossa volume and the articular eminence angle were significantly correlated with that of the sagittal condylar inclination (P = 0.009 and P = 0.002, respectively), and the asymmetry index of glenoid fossa volume was significantly correlated with the bilateral transverse condylar inclination (P = 0.006 and P = 0.016, respectively).ConclusionsMorphological asymmetry of the TMJ is significantly different between the shifted and non-shifted sides and is closely related to functional asymmetry of condylar movement in MA patients. (350/350).

Project description:BackgroundOnly a few studies have used 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis to evaluate the positional and morphological characteristics of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adults with skeletal Class II. No studies have focused on the case of skeletal Class II with mandibular retrognathism in different vertical skeletal patterns. As a result, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the position and morphology of TMJ in adults with skeletal Class II with mandibular retrognathism in different vertical skeletal patterns to the position and morphology of TMJ in the normal Chinese adult population in three dimensions.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed CBCT images of 80 adult patients. Subjects with skeletal Class II with a normal sagittal position of the maxilla and mandibular retrognathism were classified according to the mandibular angle and facial height ratio into three groups of 20 subjects each: hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent groups, as well as a control group of 20 subjects. The following 3D measurements of TMJ were evaluated: (1) position, parameters, and inclination of the mandibular fossa; (2) position, parameters, and inclination of the mandibular condyle; (3) condyle centralization in their respective mandibular fossae; (4) anterior, posterior, superior, and medial joint spaces; and (5) 3D volumetric measurements of the TMJ spaces. Measurements were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey's post hoc test.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the hyperdivergent and hypodivergent groups compared with the normal group in the vertical and anteroposterior mandibular fossa position, vertical condylar inclination, and condylar width and length. The hyperdivergent group showed the significantly highest condylar inclination with the midsagittal plane; anterior and superior positioning of the condyle; smallest anterior, superior, and medial joint spaces; and largest volumetric total joint space relative to the two other groups.ConclusionsThe condyle-fossa position and morphology differ with various vertical facial patterns in individuals with skeletal Class II mandibular retrognathism. These differences could be considered during TMD diagnosis and orthodontic treatment.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study evaluated the dimensional and positional osseous temporomandibular joint features in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders.MethodsA total of 165 adult patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 79 patients; 158 joints): temporomandibular disorders patients and group 2 (n = 86 patients; 172 joints): non-temporomandibular disorders patients. Three-dimensional positional and dimensional temporomandibular joint characteristics, including glenoid fossa, mandibular condyles, and joint spaces, were assessed by cone beam computed tomography.ResultsThe glenoid fossa positions in the three orthogonal planes and height showed statistical significance between the two studied groups. The temporomandibular disorders patients showed higher horizontal and vertical condyle inclinations while anteroposterior inclination was less, and the condyle was positioned more superior, anterior, and lateral in the glenoid fossa. The condyle width and length showed no significance between the two groups, while condyle height was smaller in temporomandibular disorders patients. Anterior and medial joint spaces increased while the superior and posterior joint spaces reduced in temporomandibular disorders patients.ConclusionThere were significant differences between the patients with and without temporomandibular joint disorders in terms of mandibular fossa positions and height as well as condylar positions and inclinations in horizontal and vertical planes together with reduced condylar height and reduced posterior and superior joint spaces in the temporomandibular disorders patients.Clinical relevanceThe temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial disorder in which one of these factors is the dimensional and positional characteristics of the temporomandibular joints; including or excluding this factor requires a comprehensive three-dimensional investigation of patients with TMD compared to the normal group under the condition that the facial pattern is average as a confounding factor.

Dataset Information

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Morphology and Facial Asymmetry in Individuals with Different Vertical Skeletal Growth Patterns.

Publications

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Morphology and Facial Asymmetry in Individuals with Different Vertical Skeletal Growth Patterns.

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