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Structural insights and biomedical potential of IgNAR scaffolds from sharks.

ABSTRACT: In addition to antibodies with the classical composition of heavy and light chains, the adaptive immune repertoire of sharks also includes a heavy-chain only isotype, where antigen binding is mediated exclusively by a small and highly stable domain, referred to as vNAR. In recent years, due to their high affinity and specificity combined with their small size, high physicochemical stability and low-cost of production, vNAR fragments have evolved as promising target-binding scaffolds that can be tailor-made for applications in medicine and biotechnology. This review highlights the structural features of vNAR molecules, addresses aspects of their generation using immunization or in vitro high throughput screening methods and provides examples of therapeutic, diagnostic and other biotechnological applications.

SUBMITTER: Zielonka S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4622739 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structural insights and biomedical potential of IgNAR scaffolds from sharks.

Zielonka Stefan S Empting Martin M Grzeschik Julius J Könning Doreen D Barelle Caroline J CJ Kolmar Harald H

mAbs 20150101 1

In addition to antibodies with the classical composition of heavy and light chains, the adaptive immune repertoire of sharks also includes a heavy-chain only isotype, where antigen binding is mediated exclusively by a small and highly stable domain, referred to as vNAR. In recent years, due to their high affinity and specificity combined with their small size, high physicochemical stability and low-cost of production, vNAR fragments have evolved as promising target-binding scaffolds that can be ...[more]

PMID: 25523873

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