Dataset Information

Noninvasive quantification of alveolar morphometry in elderly never- and ex-smokers.

ABSTRACT: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a way to generate in vivo lung images with contrast sensitive to the molecular displacement of inhaled gas at subcellular length scales. Here, we aimed to evaluate hyperpolarized (3)He MRI estimates of the alveolar dimensions in 38 healthy elderly never-smokers (73 ± 6 years, 15 males) and 21 elderly ex-smokers (70 ± 10 years, 14 males) with (n = 8, 77 ± 6 years) and without emphysema (n = 13, 65 ± 10 years). The ex-smoker and never-smoker subgroups were significantly different for FEV1/FVC (P = 0.0001) and DLCO (P = 0.009); while ex-smokers with emphysema reported significantly diminished FEV1/FVC (P = 0.02) and a trend toward lower DLCO (P = 0.05) than ex-smokers without emphysema. MRI apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and CT measurements of emphysema (relative area-CT density histogram, RA950) were significantly different (P = 0.001 and P = 0.007) for never-smoker and ex-smoker subgroups. In never-smokers, the MRI estimate of mean linear intercept (260 ± 27 ?m) was significantly elevated as compared to the results previously reported in younger never-smokers (210 ± 30 ?m), and trended smaller than in the age-matched ex-smokers (320 ± 72 ?m, P = 0.06) evaluated here. Never-smokers also reported significantly smaller internal (220 ± 24 ?m, P = 0.01) acinar radius but greater alveolar sheath thickness (120 ± 4 ?m, P < 0.0001) than ex-smokers. Never-smokers were also significantly different than ex-smokers without emphysema for alveolar sheath thickness but not ADC, while ex-smokers with emphysema reported significantly different ADC but not alveolar sheath thickness compared to ex-smokers without CT evidence of emphysema. Differences in alveolar measurements in never- and ex-smokers demonstrate the sensitivity of MRI measurements to the different effects of smoking and aging on acinar morphometry.

SUBMITTER: Paulin GA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4632953 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Noninvasive quantification of alveolar morphometry in elderly never- and ex-smokers.

Paulin Gregory A GA Ouriadov Alexei A Lessard Eric E Sheikh Khadija K McCormack David G DG Parraga Grace G

Physiological reports 20151001 10

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a way to generate in vivo lung images with contrast sensitive to the molecular displacement of inhaled gas at subcellular length scales. Here, we aimed to evaluate hyperpolarized (3)He MRI estimates of the alveolar dimensions in 38 healthy elderly never-smokers (73 ± 6 years, 15 males) and 21 elderly ex-smokers (70 ± 10 years, 14 males) with (n = 8, 77 ± 6 years) and without emphysema (n = 13, 65 ± 10 years). The ex-smoker and never-sm ...[more]

PMID: 26462748

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is significantly underdiagnosed in Kazakhstan, and there is no previously conducted study on COPD prevalence in the country. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of COPD among individuals aged 40 to 59 years based on results of spirometry before and after bronchodilator, presence of structural changes in the lungs (emphysema, inflammatory changes, and thickening of the walls of the large and small airways) detected by computer tomography, and the symptoms of COPD. The study has 3 study groups: smokers of conventional cigarettes, those who had quit smoking 1 to 5 years ago, and those who haven't smoked cigarettes. METHODS:This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design among individuals aged 40 to 59 years in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The sample of 900 individuals of both sexes contains 500 smokers, 200 ex-smokers, and 200 never-smokers. Study measures include spirometry, chest computed tomography, electrocardiography, physical exams, laboratory testing of serum, anthropometry, and 6-minute walk test. Data are collected by computer-assisted personal interviewing with tablets. The questionnaire was designed to explore possible COPD risk factors including history of smoking, current smoking, level of smoking exposure (in pack-years), passive smoking, occupational and environmental hazards, and covariates: age, gender, ethnicity, education, occupation, and self-reported morbidity. COPD Assessment Test (CAT) is used to collect information about COPD symptoms. RESULTS:We have completed the participant recruitment and study procedures. Currently, we are working on data processing and data analysis. The authors anticipate the preliminary results should be available by September 2017. Study results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study in Kazakhstan that assesses prevalence of COPD and its comorbidities in the adult population aged 40 to 59 years. The results of the study will be useful for improving COPD preventive measures, better COPD screening, identification, and registration. Findings of the study will also contribute to global knowledge on the epidemiology of COPD. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02926534; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02926534 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6rjwGsPOZ).

Dataset Information

Noninvasive quantification of alveolar morphometry in elderly never- and ex-smokers.

Publications

Noninvasive quantification of alveolar morphometry in elderly never- and ex-smokers.

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