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2-Hydroxypropyl-?-Cyclodextrin Acts as a Novel Anticancer Agent.

ABSTRACT: 2-Hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin (HP-?-CyD) is a cyclic oligosaccharide that is widely used as an enabling excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, but also as a cholesterol modifier. HP-?-CyD has recently been approved for the treatment of Niemann-Pick Type C disease, a lysosomal lipid storage disorder, and is used in clinical practice. Since cholesterol accumulation and/or dysregulated cholesterol metabolism has been described in various malignancies, including leukemia, we hypothesized that HP-?-CyD itself might have anticancer effects. This study provides evidence that HP-?-CyD inhibits leukemic cell proliferation at physiologically available doses. First, we identified the potency of HP-?-CyD in vitro against various leukemic cell lines derived from acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). HP-?-CyD treatment reduced intracellular cholesterol resulting in significant leukemic cell growth inhibition through G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Intraperitoneal injection of HP-?-CyD significantly improved survival in leukemia mouse models. Importantly, HP-?-CyD also showed anticancer effects against CML cells expressing a T315I BCR-ABL mutation (that confers resistance to most ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors), and hypoxia-adapted CML cells that have characteristics of leukemic stem cells. In addition, colony forming ability of human primary AML and CML cells was inhibited by HP-?-CyD. Systemic administration of HP-?-CyD to mice had no significant adverse effects. These data suggest that HP-?-CyD is a promising anticancer agent regardless of disease or cellular characteristics.

SUBMITTER: Yokoo M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4633159 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Acts as a Novel Anticancer Agent.

Yokoo Masako M Kubota Yasushi Y Motoyama Keiichi K Higashi Taishi T Taniyoshi Masatoshi M Tokumaru Hiroko H Nishiyama Rena R Tabe Yoko Y Mochinaga Sakiko S Sato Akemi A Sueoka-Aragane Naoko N Sueoka Eisaburo E Arima Hidetoshi H Irie Tetsumi T Kimura Shinya S

PloS one 20151104 11

2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CyD) is a cyclic oligosaccharide that is widely used as an enabling excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, but also as a cholesterol modifier. HP-β-CyD has recently been approved for the treatment of Niemann-Pick Type C disease, a lysosomal lipid storage disorder, and is used in clinical practice. Since cholesterol accumulation and/or dysregulated cholesterol metabolism has been described in various malignancies, including leukemia, we hypothesized that HP ...[more]

PMID: 26535909

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Project description:Lifestyle- and genetically induced disorders related to disturbances in cholesterol metabolism have shown the detrimental impact of excessive cholesterol levels on a plethora of pathological processes such as inflammation. In this context, two-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) is increasingly considered as a novel pharmacological compound to decrease cellular cholesterol levels due to its ability to increase cholesterol solubility. However, recent findings have reported contra-indicating events after the use of CD questioning the clinical applicability of this compound. Given its potential as a therapeutic compound in metabolic inflammatory diseases, in this study, we evaluated the inflammatory effects of CD administration in the context of cholesterol-induced metabolic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The inflammatory and cholesterol-depleting effects of CD were first investigated in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (Ldlr-/ ) mice that were transplanted with Npc1nih or Npc1wt bone marrow and were fed either regular chow or a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFC) diet for 12 weeks, thereby creating an extreme model of lysosomal cholesterol-induced metabolic inflammation. In the final three weeks, these mice received daily injections of either control (saline) or CD subcutaneously. Subsequently, the inflammatory properties of CD were investigated in vitro in two macrophage cell lines and in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). While CD administration improved cholesterol mobilization outside lysosomes in BMDMs, an overall pro-inflammatory profile was observed after CD treatment, evidenced by increased hepatic inflammation in vivo and a strong increase in cytokine release and inflammatory gene expression in vitro in murine BMDMs and macrophages cell lines. Nevertheless, this CD-induced pro-inflammatory profile was time-dependent, as short term exposure to CD did not result in a pro-inflammatory response in BMDM. While CD exerts desired cholesterol-depleting effects, its inflammatory effect is dependent on the exposure time. As such, using CD in the clinic, especially in a metabolic inflammatory context, should be closely monitored as it may lead to undesired, pro-inflammatory side effects.

Dataset Information

2-Hydroxypropyl-?-Cyclodextrin Acts as a Novel Anticancer Agent.

Publications

2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Acts as a Novel Anticancer Agent.

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