Dataset Information

A relay strategy for the mercury (II) chemodosimeter with ultra-sensitivity as test strips.

ABSTRACT: A relay strategy has been proposed to design a new Hg(2+) chemodosimeter (TPE-S), by coupling Hg(2+)-promoted deprotection reaction with ketone-enol isomerization, realizing the multistage amplifying effect. Changes in both of color and fluorescence could occur immediately, and TPE-S displayed high selectivity for Hg(2+), other metal ions (Ag(+), Fe(3+), Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Co(2+), Cr(3+), Al(3+), Cd(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ba(2+), Fe(2+), Ca(2+), Ni(2+), Zn(2+), Li(+), K(+) and Na(+)) gave nearly no disturbance to the sensing process. When fabricated as test strips similar to pH-indicator papers, immediate color change from colorless to purple could be visually observed by naked-eyes without the aid of any additional equipment, with the detection limit as low as 1 × 10(-7) M (Hg(2+) in aqueous solution). Due to its easy synthesis, high selectivity and sensitivity, combined with the portable test strips, TPE-S could be developed as a convenient and cost-effective tool for the detection of Hg(2+) in on-site inspections.

SUBMITTER: Ruan Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4635349 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A relay strategy for the mercury (II) chemodosimeter with ultra-sensitivity as test strips.

Ruan Zhijun Z Li Conggang C Li Jian-Rong JR Qin Jingui J Li Zhen Z

Scientific reports 20151106

A relay strategy has been proposed to design a new Hg(2+) chemodosimeter (TPE-S), by coupling Hg(2+)-promoted deprotection reaction with ketone-enol isomerization, realizing the multistage amplifying effect. Changes in both of color and fluorescence could occur immediately, and TPE-S displayed high selectivity for Hg(2+), other metal ions (Ag(+), Fe(3+), Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Co(2+), Cr(3+), Al(3+), Cd(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ba(2+), Fe(2+), Ca(2+), Ni(2+), Zn(2+), Li(+), K(+) and Na(+)) gave nearly no d ...[more]

PMID: 26541941

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Project description:Background2-Benzylbenzimidazole 'nitazene' opioids pose a growing threat to public health. Nitazene analogues are increasingly found mixed with or (mis)sold as heroin and in falsified (non-)opioid medications, posing a great risk of intoxication in users (un)knowingly exposed to these potent opioids. Lateral flow immunoassay nitazene test strips (NTS; BTNX Rapid Response™) became commercially available in Q1 2024, with the aim to enable rapid detection of nitazene analogues in drug samples. As only limited independent data is available on the performance of these strips, this lab-based study aimed at evaluating their potential for drug checking applications.MethodsFollowing dilution of drug standards in water, the NTS readouts were analyzed independently by two individuals and by ImageJ. The limit of detection for isotonitazene was determined using two manufacturing lots of NTS. Cross-reactivity with 32 other nitazene analogues was evaluated. Six sourced drug samples were tested to explore the ability of NTS to detect the presence of a nitazene analogue in authentic samples.ResultsThe limits of detection for isotonitazene were 2000 or 3000 ng/mL, depending on the lot. Twenty-four of the 33 tested nitazene analogues cross-reacted with the NTS at concentrations ≤ 9000 ng/mL. Structural analysis indicated that either substitution or removal of the 5-nitro group, or lengthening the linker between the two aromatic rings, generally hampered detection. All six authentic drug samples consistently tested positive, with no observed false negatives.ConclusionsThis study provides a better understanding of the potential of NTS for drug checking purposes. Our findings indicate that NTS can theoretically alert to the presence of most nitazene analogues that have emerged on recreational drug markets. However, 'desnitazenes' (lacking the 5-nitro group) may yield false negative results due to low cross-reactivity. Although factors like specificity, lot-to-lot variability, nitazene analogue content in drug samples, solubility, and different testing conditions should be considered, our study results indicate that, at least under the conditions evaluated here (using reference standards and sourced powders), NTS are capable of detecting the presence of a wide range of nitazene analogues. Hence, NTS may alert users of the presence of nitazene analogues in drug samples.

Project description:BackgroundOpioid-related fatalities are a leading cause of death in Ohio and nationally, with an increasing number of overdoses attributable to fentanyl. Rapid fentanyl test strips can identify fentanyl and some fentanyl analogs in urine samples and are increasingly being used to check illicit drugs for fentanyl before they are used. Fentanyl test strips are a promising harm reduction strategy; however, little is known about the real-world acceptability and impact of fentanyl test strip use. This study investigates fentanyl test strip distribution and education as a harm reduction strategy to prevent overdoses among people who use drugs.MethodsThe research team will recruit 2400 individuals ≥ 18 years with self-reported use of illicit drugs or drugs purchased on the street within the past 6 months. Recruitment will occur at opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution programs in 16 urban and 12 rural Ohio counties. Participating sites will be randomized at the county level to the intervention or non-intervention study arm. A brief fentanyl test strip educational intervention and fentanyl test strips will be provided to participants recruited from sites in the intervention arm. These participants will be eligible to receive additional fentanyl test strips for 2 years post-enrollment. Participants recruited from sites in the non-intervention arm will not receive fentanyl test strip education or fentanyl test strips. All participants will be followed for 2 years post-enrollment using biweekly, quarterly, and 6-month surveys. Primary outcomes include (1) identification of perceived barriers and facilitating factors associated with incorporating fentanyl test strip education and distribution into opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution programs; (2) differences in knowledge and self-efficacy regarding how to test drugs for fentanyl and strategies for reducing overdose risk between the intervention and non-intervention groups; and (3) differences in non-fatal and fatal overdose rates between the intervention and non-intervention groups.DiscussionFindings from this cluster randomized controlled trial will contribute valuable information about the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of integrating fentanyl test strip drug checking in rural and urban communities in Ohio and help guide future overdose prevention interventions.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05463341. Registered on July 19, 2022. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05463341.

Dataset Information

A relay strategy for the mercury (II) chemodosimeter with ultra-sensitivity as test strips.

Publications

A relay strategy for the mercury (II) chemodosimeter with ultra-sensitivity as test strips.

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