Dataset Information

What is living on your dog's skin? Characterization of the canine cutaneous mycobiota and fungal dysbiosis in canine allergic dermatitis.

ABSTRACT: To characterize the skin-associated fungal microbiota (mycobiota) in dogs, and to evaluate the influence of body site, individual dog or health status on the distribution of fungi, next-generation sequencing was performed targeting the internal transcribed spacer region. A total of 10 dogs with no history of skin disease were sampled at 10 distinct body sites consisting of haired and mucosal skin, and 8 dogs with diagnosed skin allergies were sampled at six body sites commonly affected by allergic disease. Analysis of similarities revealed that body site was not an influencing factor on membership or structure of fungal communities in healthy skin; however, the mucosal sites were significantly reduced in fungal richness. The mycobiota from body sites in healthy dogs tended to be similar within a dog, which was visualized in principle coordinates analysis (PCoA) by clustering of all sites from one dog separate from other dogs. The mycobiota of allergic skin was significantly less rich than that of healthy skin, and all sites sampled clustered by health status in PCoA. Interestingly, the most abundant fungi present on canine skin, across all body sites and health statuses, were Alternaria and Cladosporium--two of the most common fungal allergens in human environmental allergies.

SUBMITTER: Meason-Smith C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4657189 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

What is living on your dog's skin? Characterization of the canine cutaneous mycobiota and fungal dysbiosis in canine allergic dermatitis.

Meason-Smith Courtney C Diesel Alison A Patterson Adam P AP Older Caitlin E CE Mansell Joanne M JM Suchodolski Jan S JS Rodrigues Hoffmann Aline A

FEMS microbiology ecology 20151104 12

To characterize the skin-associated fungal microbiota (mycobiota) in dogs, and to evaluate the influence of body site, individual dog or health status on the distribution of fungi, next-generation sequencing was performed targeting the internal transcribed spacer region. A total of 10 dogs with no history of skin disease were sampled at 10 distinct body sites consisting of haired and mucosal skin, and 8 dogs with diagnosed skin allergies were sampled at six body sites commonly affected by allerg ...[more]

PMID: 26542075

Similar Datasets

Project description:The aim of this cross-sectional study was to observe whether environmental factors and phenotypic traits are associated with owner-reported skin problems and with veterinary diagnosed canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). Data were collected using the validated online DOGRISK questionnaire. Out of the data that the questionnaire provides for analysis, focus was first turned towards addressing questions regarding 'Atopy/allergy (skin symptoms)' using a total of 8643 dogs: 1585 dogs with owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms and 7058 dogs without. A subsequent analysis compared dogs with veterinary-verified CAD (n = 322) as a case group against the 7058 dogs without owner-reported skin symptoms. The association between 21 factors related to the environment, canine phenotypes and breed groups within both populations were analysed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. The environmental factors that showed a significant inverse association with the risk of owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms were as following: whether the dog was living in a detached house, whether there were other dogs in the household, and whether the dog was born in the current household. Having over 50% white colour in the coat and living in an extremely clean household were significantly associated with an increased risk of owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms. The five breeds demonstrating the highest proportion of owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms were West Highland white terrier, Boxer, English bulldog, Dalmatian and French bulldog. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale dog breed groups 3 (Terriers) and 6 (Scent hounds and related breeds) showed a significantly higher risk for owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms than mixed breed dogs. In the second population, the inverse association was observed between the risk of CAD and the presence of other dogs in the household, and whether the dog had been born in the current household. The results indicate that some environmental factors and canine phenotypes are associated with CAD and owner-reported skin symptoms, but they still do not prove causality.

Project description:Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) undergoing anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) treatment were previously reported to present gut bacterial microbiota dysbiosis, but the role of the mycobiota has not been reported. Here, we conducted a follow-up study of 29 naive TB patients who received first-line anti-TB drug treatment; we collected their fecal samples at different time points, as well as 22 fecal samples from healthy subjects. Fungal ITS2 and bacterial 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing were used to analyze the effects of active TB and anti-TB treatment on the gut microbiota. We found that naive TB patients had bacterial and fungal dysbiosis with altered community composition and a decreased density of the transkingdom correlation network. Anti-TB drug treatment significantly decreased the diversity of bacteria and fungi with altered composition. Notably, we observed that the abundance of Purpureocillium lilacinum tended to decrease and Nakaseomyces spp. tended to increase in the anti-TB treatment, and all of them had increased proportions in the three TB groups compared with healthy subjects. We found that the fungal-bacterial transkingdom network was severely altered in TB patients after 2 months of treatment, and new fungal-enriched connections that were not observed in other groups after 6 months of treatment. This study provides the first detailed analysis of dysbiosis of the gut mycobiota due to active TB and anti-TB treatment. The results suggest that fungi play an important role in the balance of the gut microbiota and may be associated with the progression of TB, influencing the microbiota and immunity homeostasis in those receiving anti-TB treatment. IMPORTANCE Numerous studies have shown that the gut bacterial microbiota is altered in active TB patients and that anti-TB drugs have profound and long-term impacts. However, as an integral part of the microbiota, fungi have rarely been studied. The need to investigate both the bacterial and fungal microbiota, as well as the relationship between them is apparent. The significance of our study is in our examination of the changes in the bacterial and fungal microbiota simultaneously in both active TB and patients receiving anti-TB treatment. We found that fungi play an important role in the bacterial-fungal transkingdom network, especially during the anti-TB therapy. These findings underscore the importance of fungi in gut microbiota dysbiosis during active TB and anti-TB treatment processes. In addition, our findings suggest it is meaningful to research potential adjunctive therapies that reduce fungal expansion and increase commensal bacterial abundance after anti-TB treatment, which would help the recovery of TB patients.

Project description:Genes involved in the inflammatory response resulting in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) are only partly known. In this study, we introduce the use of high density oligonucleotide arrays for gene expression profiling in human skin during the elicitation of ACD. Skin biopsies from normal and nickel-exposed skin were obtained from 7 nickel-allergic patients and 5 non-allergic controls at four different time points during elicitation of eczema: 0h, 7h, 48h and 96h. Each gene expression profile was analysed by hybridization to high density oligonucletide arrays. Cluster analysis of 74 genes found to be differentially expressed in the patients over time revealed that the patient samples may be categorised into two groups: An early time point group (0h and 7h) and a late time point group (48h and 96h). Compared to the early time points, late time point skin samples were characterised by the up-regulation of inflammatory molecules including genes involved in the class I antigen presenting pathway and genes involved in lymphocyte adhesion and motility ; Correspondence analysis including both patients and controls revealed three distinct groups: i) the control group, ii) the early time point patient group (0h and 7h) and iii) the late time point patient group (48h and 96h). Experiment Overall Design: For the microarray study, 7 nickel-allergic patients and 5 non-allergic controls were recruited. All subjects were female. The skin covering the upper nates was exposed to nickel delivered during a patch test. Skin biopsies were taken to generate a time-series. Skin was exposed to nickel for 0h, 7h, 48h and 96h. Experiment Overall Design: All nickel allergic patients reacted with visible eczama at the 48h and 96h time-points. No eczema was vissible at the 0h or 7h time-points. Control subjects did not show visible eczema at any time-point. Experiment Overall Design: RNA was extracted from the skin biopsies and 34 biopsies yielded RNA of sufficient quantity and quality for micro-array analysis.

Dataset Information

What is living on your dog's skin? Characterization of the canine cutaneous mycobiota and fungal dysbiosis in canine allergic dermatitis.

Publications

What is living on your dog's skin? Characterization of the canine cutaneous mycobiota and fungal dysbiosis in canine allergic dermatitis.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets