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Side Chain Conformational Distributions of a Small Protein Derived from Model-Free Analysis of a Large Set of Residual Dipolar Couplings.

ABSTRACT: Accurate quantitative measurement of structural dispersion in proteins remains a prime challenge to both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Here we use a model-free approach based on measurement of many residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) in differentially orienting aqueous liquid crystalline solutions to obtain the side chain ?1 distribution sampled by each residue in solution. Applied to the small well-ordered model protein GB3, our approach reveals that the RDC data are compatible with a single narrow distribution of side chain ?1 angles for only about 40% of the residues. For more than half of the residues, populations greater than 10% for a second rotamer are observed, and four residues require sampling of three rotameric states to fit the RDC data. In virtually all cases, sampled ?1 values are found to center closely around ideal g(-), g(+) and t rotameric angles, even though no rotamer restraint is used when deriving the sampled angles. The root-mean-square difference between experimental (3)JH?H? couplings and those predicted by the Haasnoot-parametrized, motion-adjusted Karplus equation reduces from 2.05 to 0.75 Hz when using the new rotamer analysis instead of the 1.1-Å X-ray structure as input for the dihedral angles. A comparison between observed and predicted (3)JH?H? values suggests that the root-mean-square amplitude of ?1 angle fluctuations within a given rotamer well is ca. 20°. The quantitatively defined side chain rotamer equilibria obtained from our study set new benchmarks for evaluating improved molecular dynamics force fields, and also will enable further development of quantitative relations between side chain chemical shift and structure.

SUBMITTER: Li F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4665082 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Side Chain Conformational Distributions of a Small Protein Derived from Model-Free Analysis of a Large Set of Residual Dipolar Couplings.

Li Fang F Grishaev Alexander A Ying Jinfa J Bax Ad A

Journal of the American Chemical Society 20151117 46

Accurate quantitative measurement of structural dispersion in proteins remains a prime challenge to both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Here we use a model-free approach based on measurement of many residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) in differentially orienting aqueous liquid crystalline solutions to obtain the side chain χ1 distribution sampled by each residue in solution. Applied to the small well-ordered model protein GB3, our approach reveals that the RDC data are compatible with ...[more]

PMID: 26523828

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Project description:The solution conformation behavior of a dermatan-derived tetrasaccharide--Delta HexA-(1-->3)-GalNAc4S-beta-(1-->4)-IdoA-alpha-(1-->3)-red-GalNAc4S (S is a sulfate group)--has been explored by means of NMR spectroscopy, especially by NOE-based conformational analysis. The tetrasaccharide was present as four species, two of which are chemically different in the anomeric orientation of the reducing 2-deoxy-2-acetamido-galactose (red-GalNAc) residue, while the other two are the result of different conformations of the iduronic acid (IdoA) unit. The two alpha-beta-interconverting anomers were present in a 0.6:1 ratio. Ring conformations have been defined by analysis of (3)J(H,H) coupling constants and interresidual NOE contacts. Both 2-deoxy-2-acetamido-galactose (GalNAc) residues were found in the (4)C(1) chair conformation, the unsaturated uronic acid (Delta-Hex A) adopts a strongly predominant half-chair (1)H(2) conformation, while the IdoA residue exists either in the (1)C(4) chair or in the (2)S(0) skewed boat geometries, in a 4:1 ratio. There is a moderate flexibility of Phi and Psi torsions as suggested by nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs), molecular modeling (MM), and molecular dynamics (MD) studies. This was further investigated by residual dipolar couplings (RDCs). One-bond C--H RDCs ((1)D(C,H)) and long-range H-H ((3)D(H,H)) RDCs were measured for the tetrasaccharide in a phage solution and interpreted in combination with restrained MD simulation. The RDC-derived data substantially confirmed the validity of the conformer distribution resulting from the NOE-derived simulations, but allowed an improved definition of the conformational behavior of the oligosaccharides in solution. In summary, the data show a moderate flexibility of the four tetrasaccharide species at the central glycosidic linkage. Differences in the shapes of species with the IdoA in skew and in chair conformations and in the distribution of the sulfate groups have also been highlighted.

Dataset Information

Side Chain Conformational Distributions of a Small Protein Derived from Model-Free Analysis of a Large Set of Residual Dipolar Couplings.

Publications

Side Chain Conformational Distributions of a Small Protein Derived from Model-Free Analysis of a Large Set of Residual Dipolar Couplings.

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