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Subcortical brain volume abnormalities in 2028 individuals with schizophrenia and 2540 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium.

ABSTRACT: The profile of brain structural abnormalities in schizophrenia is still not fully understood, despite decades of research using brain scans. To validate a prospective meta-analysis approach to analyzing multicenter neuroimaging data, we analyzed brain MRI scans from 2028 schizophrenia patients and 2540 healthy controls, assessed with standardized methods at 15 centers worldwide. We identified subcortical brain volumes that differentiated patients from controls, and ranked them according to their effect sizes. Compared with healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia had smaller hippocampus (Cohen's d=-0.46), amygdala (d=-0.31), thalamus (d=-0.31), accumbens (d=-0.25) and intracranial volumes (d=-0.12), as well as larger pallidum (d=0.21) and lateral ventricle volumes (d=0.37). Putamen and pallidum volume augmentations were positively associated with duration of illness and hippocampal deficits scaled with the proportion of unmedicated patients. Worldwide cooperative analyses of brain imaging data support a profile of subcortical abnormalities in schizophrenia, which is consistent with that based on traditional meta-analytic approaches. This first ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group study validates that collaborative data analyses can readily be used across brain phenotypes and disorders and encourages analysis and data sharing efforts to further our understanding of severe mental illness.

SUBMITTER: van Erp TG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4668237 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Subcortical brain volume abnormalities in 2028 individuals with schizophrenia and 2540 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium.

van Erp T G M TG Hibar D P DP Rasmussen J M JM Glahn D C DC Pearlson G D GD Andreassen O A OA Agartz I I Westlye L T LT Haukvik U K UK Dale A M AM Melle I I Hartberg C B CB Gruber O O Kraemer B B Zilles D D Donohoe G G Kelly S S McDonald C C Morris D W DW Cannon D M DM Corvin A A Machielsen M W J MW Koenders L L de Haan L L Veltman D J DJ Satterthwaite T D TD Wolf D H DH Gur R C RC Gur R E RE Potkin S G SG Mathalon D H DH Mueller B A BA Preda A A Macciardi F F Ehrlich S S Walton E E Hass J J Calhoun V D VD Bockholt H J HJ Sponheim S R SR Shoemaker J M JM van Haren N E M NE Hulshoff Pol H E HE Ophoff R A RA Kahn R S RS Roiz-Santiañez R R Crespo-Facorro B B Wang L L Alpert K I KI Jönsson E G EG Dimitrova R R Bois C C Whalley H C HC McIntosh A M AM Lawrie S M SM Hashimoto R R Thompson P M PM Turner J A JA

Molecular psychiatry 20150602 4

The profile of brain structural abnormalities in schizophrenia is still not fully understood, despite decades of research using brain scans. To validate a prospective meta-analysis approach to analyzing multicenter neuroimaging data, we analyzed brain MRI scans from 2028 schizophrenia patients and 2540 healthy controls, assessed with standardized methods at 15 centers worldwide. We identified subcortical brain volumes that differentiated patients from controls, and ranked them according to their ...[more]

PMID: 26033243

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Project description:BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have an overlapping polygenic architecture and clinical similarities, although the 2 disorders are distinct diagnoses with clinical dissimilarities. It remains unclear whether there are specific differences in subcortical volumes between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and whether the subcortical differences are affected by any clinical characteristics. We investigated differences in subcortical volumes bilaterally among patients with schizophrenia, patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls. We also investigated the influences of clinical characteristics on specific subcortical volumes in these patient groups.MethodsWe collected 3 T T 1-weighted MRI brain scans from 413 participants (157 with schizophrenia, 51 with bipolar disorder and 205 controls) with a single scanner at a single institute. We used FreeSurfer version 6.0 for processing the T 1-weighted images to segment the following subcortical brain volumes: thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Differences in the 7 subcortical volumes were investigated among the groups. We also evaluated correlations between subcortical volumes and clinical variables in these patient groups.ResultsOf 7 subcortical regions, patients with schizophrenia had significantly smaller volumes in the left thalamus (Cohen d = -0.29, p = 5.83 × 10-3), bilateral hippocampi (left, d = -0.36, p = 8.85 × 10-4; right, d = -0.41, p = 1.15 × 10-4) and left amygdala (d = -0.31, p = 4.02 × 10-3) than controls. Compared with controls, patients with bipolar disorder had bilateral reductions only in the hippocampal volumes (left, d = -0.52, p = 1.12 × 10-3; right, d = -0.58, p = 0.30 × 10-4). We also found that patients with schizophrenia had significantly smaller volumes in the bilateral amygdalae (left, d = -0.43, p = 4.22 × 10-3; right, d = -0.45, p = 4.56 × 10-3) than patients with bipolar disorder. We did not find any significant volumetric differences in the other 6 subcortical structures between patient groups (p > 0.05). Smaller left amygdalar volumes were significantly correlated with younger onset age only in patients with schizophrenia (r = 0.22, p = 5.78 × 10-3).LimitationsWe did not evaluate the differences in subcortical volumes between patients stratified based on clinical bipolar disorder subtype and a history of psychotic episodes because our sample size of patients with bipolar disorder was limited.ConclusionOur findings suggest that volumetric differences in the amygdala between patients with schizophrenia and those with bipolar disorder may be a putative biomarker for distinguishing 2 clinically similar diagnoses.

Dataset Information

Subcortical brain volume abnormalities in 2028 individuals with schizophrenia and 2540 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium.

Publications

Subcortical brain volume abnormalities in 2028 individuals with schizophrenia and 2540 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium.

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