Reaction temperature sensing (RTS)-based control for Li-ion battery safety.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zhang G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4675999 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:The most simple and clear advantage of Na-ion batteries (NIBs) over Li-ion batteries (LIBs) is the natural abundance of Na, which allows inexpensive production of NIBs for large-scale applications. However, although strenuous research efforts have been devoted to NIBs particularly since 2010, certain other advantages of NIBs have been largely overlooked, for example, their low-temperature power and cycle performances. Herein, we present a comparative study of spirally wound full-cells consisting of Li0.1Na0.7Co0.5Mn0.5O2 (or Li0.8Co0.5Mn0.5O2) and hard carbon and report that the power of NIB at -30 °C is ∼21% higher than that of LIB. Moreover, the capacity retention in cycle testing at 0 °C is ∼53% for NIB but only ∼29% for LIB. Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed that the superior performance of NIB is due to the relatively weak interaction between Na+ ions and aprotic polar solvents.
| S-EPMC6640915 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Temperature is known to have a significant impact on the performance, safety, and cycle lifetime of lithium-ion batteries (LiB). However, the comprehensive effects of temperature on the cyclic aging rate of LiB have yet to be found. We use an electrochemistry-based model (ECBE) here to measure the effects on the aging behavior of cycled LiB operating within the temperature range of 25 °C to 55 °C. The increasing degradation rate of the maximum charge storage of LiB during cycling at elevated temperature is found to relate mainly to the degradations at the electrodes, and that the degradation of LCO cathode is larger than graphite anode at elevated temperature. In particular, the formation and modification of the surface films on the electrodes as well as structural/phase changes of the LCO electrode, as reported in the literatures, are found to be the main contributors to the increasing degradation rate of the maximum charge storage of LiB with temperature for the specific operating temperature range. Larger increases in the Warburg elements and cell impedance are also found with cycling at higher temperature, but they do not seriously affect the state of health (SoH) of LiB as shown in this work.
| S-EPMC4526891 | biostudies-other
Project description:A new synthetic method to grow O-deficient rutile TiO2(s) nanorods (NRs) and nanowires (NWs) by a vapor-solid reaction growth method is developed. TiCl4(g) was employed to react with commercially supplied CaTiO3(s) (size 2-4 ?m) at 973 K under atmospheric pressure to generate TiO2(s) NRs (diameters 80-120 nm, lengths 1-4 ?m). The reaction employing TiCl4(g) and CaO(s) at 973 K also generated CaTiO3(s) (size 4-13 ?m) as the intermediate which reacted further with TiCl4(g) to produce NWs (diameters 80-120 nm, lengths 4-15 ?m). This is the first report of 1D rutile TiO2(s) nanostructure with such a high aspect ratio. Both of the NRs and the NWs, with compositions TiO1.81 and TiO1.65, respectively, were single crystals grown in the [001] direction. Their morphology was affected by the reaction temperature, the concentration of TiCl4(g), and the particle size of CaTiO3(s). The NRs and the NWs were investigated as anode materials for Li+-ion batteries. At constant current rates 1, 2, and 5 C (1 C = 170 mA g-1) for 100 cycles, the cycling (1.0-3.0 V) performance data of the NRs were 146, 123, and 104 mA h g-1, respectively. On the other hand, the cycling performance data of the NWs were 120, 80, and 52 mA h g-1, respectively. This is attributed to the high Li+ ion diffusion rate (D Li+ ) of the NRs (29.52 × 10-15 cm2 s-1), which exceeds that of the NWs (8.61 × 10-15 cm2 s-1). Although the [001] growth direction of the NR crystals would provide the fastest channels for the diffusion of Li+ ions and enhance the battery capacity, the extremely long channels in the NWs could hamper the diffusion of the Li+ ions. The O-deficiency in the structure would increase the conductivity of the electrode material and improve the stable cycling stability of the batteries also. The long-term cycling test at 2 C for the battery constructed from the NRs retained 121 mA h g-1 after 200 cycles and 99.2 mA h g-1 after 800 cycles. The device has an excellent long-term cycling stability with a loss of only 0.04% per cycle.
| S-EPMC6777121 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Single crystal copper oxide nanoplatelets with a high percentage of {001} facets were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal approach. The as-prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high resolution transmission microscopy. Via density functional theory calculations, it was found that the {001} facets are active crystal planes. When the single crystal CuO nanoplatelets were applied as an anode material in Li-ion batteries, they demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance with high lithium storage capacity, satisfactory cyclability, and excellent high rate capacity. When used as a sensing material in gas sensors, they exhibited a superior sensitivity towards toxic and flammable gases.
| S-EPMC4148666 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Resistive interfaces within the electrodes limit the energy and power densities of a battery, for example, a Li-ion battery (LIB). Typically, active materials are mixed with conductive additives in organic solvents to form a slurry, which is then coated on current collectors (e.g., bare or carbon-coated Al foils) to reduce the inherent resistance of the active material. Although many approaches using nanomaterials to either replace Al foils or improve conductivity within the active materials have been previously demonstrated, the resistance at the current collector active material interface (CCAMI), a key factor for enhancing the energy and power densities, remains unaddressed. We show that carbon nanotubes (CNTs), either directly grown or spray-coated on Al foils, are highly effective in reducing the CCAMI resistance of traditional LIB cathode materials (LiFePO4 or LFP and LiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2 or NMC). Moreover, the CNT coatings displace the need for currently used toxic organic solvents (e.g., N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) by providing capillary channels, which improve the wetting of aqueous dispersions containing active materials. The vertically aligned CNT-coated electrodes exhibited energy densities as high as (1) ∼500 W h kg-1 at ∼170 W kg-1 for LFP and (2) ∼760 W h kg-1 at ∼570 W kg-1 for NMC. The LIBs with CCAMI-engineered electrodes withstood discharge rates as high as 600 mA g-1 for 500 cycles in the case of LFP, where commercial electrodes failed. The CNT-based CCAMI engineering approach is versatile with wide applicability to improve the performance of even textured active materials for both cathodes and anodes.
| S-EPMC6641605 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The conversion of allergic pollen grains into carbon microstructures was carried out through a facile, one-step, solid-state pyrolysis process in an inert atmosphere. The as-prepared carbonaceous particles were further air activated at 300 °C and then evaluated as lithium ion battery anodes at room (25 °C) and elevated (50 °C) temperatures. The distinct morphologies of bee pollens and cattail pollens are resembled on the final architecture of produced carbons. Scanning Electron Microscopy images shows that activated bee pollen carbon (ABP) is comprised of spiky, brain-like, and tiny spheres; while activated cattail pollen carbon (ACP) resembles deflated spheres. Structural analysis through X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy confirmed their amorphous nature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of ABP and ACP confirmed that both samples contain high levels of oxygen and small amount of nitrogen contents. At C/10 rate, ACP electrode delivered high specific lithium storage reversible capacities (590 mAh/g at 50 °C and 382 mAh/g at 25 °C) and also exhibited excellent high rate capabilities. Through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies, improved performance of ACP is attributed to its lower charge transfer resistance than ABP. Current studies demonstrate that morphologically distinct renewable pollens could produce carbon architectures for anode applications in energy storage devices.
| S-EPMC4742870 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy tomography (FIB/SEMt) and synchrotron X-ray tomography (Xt) are used to investigate the same lithium manganese oxide composite cathode at the same specific spot. This correlative approach allows the investigation of three central issues in the tomographic analysis of composite battery electrodes: (i) Validation of state-of-the-art binary active material (AM) segmentation: Although threshold segmentation by standard algorithms leads to very good segmentation results, limited Xt resolution results in an AM underestimation of 6 vol% and severe overestimation of AM connectivity. (ii) Carbon binder domain (CBD) segmentation in Xt data: While threshold segmentation cannot be applied for this purpose, a suitable classification method is introduced. Based on correlative tomography, it allows for reliable ternary segmentation of Xt data into the pore space, CBD, and AM. (iii) Pore space analysis in the micrometer regime: This segmentation technique is applied to an Xt reconstruction with several hundred microns edge length, thus validating the segmentation of pores within the micrometer regime for the first time. The analyzed cathode volume exhibits a bimodal pore size distribution in the ranges between 0-1 μm and 1-12 μm. These ranges can be attributed to different pore formation mechanisms.
| S-EPMC4960488 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Accurate evaluation of Li-ion battery (LiB) safety conditions can reduce unexpected cell failures, facilitate battery deployment, and promote low-carbon economies. Despite the recent progress in artificial intelligence, anomaly detection methods are not customized for or validated in realistic battery settings due to the complex failure mechanisms and the lack of real-world testing frameworks with large-scale datasets. Here, we develop a realistic deep-learning framework for electric vehicle (EV) LiB anomaly detection. It features a dynamical autoencoder tailored for dynamical systems and configured by social and financial factors. We test our detection algorithm on released datasets comprising over 690,000 LiB charging snippets from 347 EVs. Our model overcomes the limitations of state-of-the-art fault detection models, including deep learning ones. Moreover, it reduces the expected direct EV battery fault and inspection costs. Our work highlights the potential of deep learning in improving LiB safety and the significance of social and financial information in designing deep learning models.
| S-EPMC10517941 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In addition to improving ion conductivity and the transference number, single-Li-ion conductors (SLCs) also enable the elimination of interfacial side reactions and concentration difference polarization. Therefore, the SLCs can achieve high performance in solid-state batteries with Li metal as anode and organic molecule as cathode. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are leading candidates for constructing SLCs because of the excellent 1D channels and accurate chemical-modification skeleton. Herein, various contents of lithium-sulfonated covalently anchored COFs (denoted as LiO3S-COF1 and LiO3S-COF2) are controllably synthesized as SLCs. Due to the directional ion channels, high Li contents, and single-ion frameworks, LiO3S-COF2 shows exceptional Li-ion conductivity of 5.47 × 10−5 S · cm−1, high transference number of 0.93, and low activation energy of 0.15 eV at room temperature. Such preeminent Li-ion-transported properties of LiO3S-COF2 permit stable Li+ plating/stripping in a symmetric lithium metal battery, effectively impeding the Li dendrite growth in a liquid cell. Moreover, the designed quasi-solid-state cell (organic anthraquinone (AQ) as cathode, Li metal as anode, and LiO3S-COF2 as electrolyte) shows high-capacity retention and rate behavior. Consequently, LiO3S-COF2 implies a potential value restraining the dissolution of small organic molecules and Li dendrite growth.
| S-EPMC9575471 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Triazolium-based ionic liquids (T1, T2 and T3) with or without terminal hydroxyl groups were prepared via Cu(i) catalysed azide-alkyne click chemistry and their properties were investigated using various technologies. The hydroxyl groups obviously affected their physicochemical properties, where with a decrease in the number of hydroxyl groups, their stability and conductivity were enhanced. T1, T2 and T3 showed relatively high thermal stability, and their electrochemical stability windows (ESWs) were 4.76, 4.11 and 3.52 V, respectively. T1S-20 was obtained via the addition of zinc trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (Zn(CF3SO3)2) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) to T1, displaying conductivity and ESW values of 1.55 × 10-3 S cm-1 and 6.36 V at 30 °C, respectively. Subsequently, a Zn/Li3V2(PO4)3 battery was assembled using T1S-20 as the electrolyte and its performances at 30 °C and 80 °C were investigated. The battery showed a capacity of 81 mA h g-1 at 30 °C, and its capacity retention rate was 89% after 50 cycles. After increasing the temperature to 80 °C, its initial capacity increased to 111 mA h g-1 with a capacity retention rate of 93.6% after 100 cycles, which was much higher than that of the aqueous electrolyte (WS-20)-based zinc ion battery (71.8%). Simultaneously, the T1S-20 electrolyte-based battery exhibited a good charge/discharge efficiency, and its Coulomb efficiency was 99%. Consequently, the T1S-20 electrolyte displayed a better performance in the Zn/Li3V2(PO4)3 battery than that with the aqueous electrolyte, especially at high temperature.
| S-EPMC8984945 | biostudies-literature