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Associations of weight stigma with cortisol and oxidative stress independent of adiposity.

ABSTRACT: Weight discrimination is associated with increased risk of obesity. The mechanism of this relationship is unknown, but being overweight is a highly stigmatized condition and may be a source of chronic stress that contributes to the development and pathophysiology of obesity. The objective of this study was to test whether weight stigma is associated with physiological risk factors linked to stress and obesity, including hypercortisolism and oxidative stress, independent of adiposity.We examined the frequency of experiencing situations involving weight stigma and consciousness of weight stigma in relation to hypothalamic--pituitary--adrenal axis activity and oxidative stress (F?-isoprostanes) in 45 healthy overweight to obese women.Independent of abdominal fat, weight stigma was significantly related to measures of cortisol (including salivary measures of cortisol awakening response and serum morning levels) as well as higher levels of oxidative stress. Perceived stress mediated the relationship between weight stigma consciousness and the cortisol awakening response.These preliminary findings show that weight stigma is associated with greater biochemical stress, independent of level of adiposity. It is possible that weight stigma may contribute to poor health underlying some forms of obesity.

SUBMITTER: Tomiyama AJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4677673 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations of weight stigma with cortisol and oxidative stress independent of adiposity.

Tomiyama A Janet AJ Epel Elissa S ES McClatchey Trissa M TM Poelke Gina G Kemeny Margaret E ME McCoy Shannon K SK Daubenmier Jennifer J

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association 20140801 8

<h4>Objective</h4>Weight discrimination is associated with increased risk of obesity. The mechanism of this relationship is unknown, but being overweight is a highly stigmatized condition and may be a source of chronic stress that contributes to the development and pathophysiology of obesity. The objective of this study was to test whether weight stigma is associated with physiological risk factors linked to stress and obesity, including hypercortisolism and oxidative stress, independent of adip ...[more]

PMID: 25068456

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Project description:Background:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among weight stigma, eating behaviors, and stress, as well as to analyze the effect of stress in mediating the association between weight stigma and eating behaviors. Methods:The study involved 1818 adolescents between 14 to 19?years of age and was conducted in Wuhan, China in 2019. Weight stigma, eating behaviors (cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating), and stress were assessed by self-report questionnaires. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating; the serial mediation models analyses were conducted to analyze the effect of stress in mediating the association between weight stigma and eating behaviors for the whole non-overweight (normal and underweight) and overweight or obese participants, respectively. Results:Hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that experiences of weight stigma significantly predicted uncontrolled eating and emotional eating regardless of body mass index (BMI) (non-overweight adolescents: uncontrolled eating: ? [SE]?=?0.161 [0.017]; emotional eating: ? [SE]?=?0.199 [0.008], p?<?0.05; overweight or obese adolescents: uncontrolled eating: ? [SE]?=?0.286 [0.030]; emotional eating: ? [SE]?=?0.267 [0.014], p?<?0.05); experiences of weight stigma significantly predicted cognitive restraint among non-overweight adolescents (? [SE]?=?0.204 [0.013], p?<?0.05). Mediation analyses showed that stress mediated the associations between weight stigma and uncontrolled eating and emotional eating among non-overweight adolescents (uncontrolled eating: indirect effect coefficient?=?0.0352, 95% CI?=?0.0241, 0.0478; emotional eating: indirect effect coefficient?=?0.0133, 95% CI?=?0.0085, 0.0186). Conclusions:These findings suggest that non-overweight individuals can still experience weight stigma and its associated negative consequences; the relationship between weight stigma and eating behaviors is modulated by weight status; stress mediated the associations between weight stigma and uncontrolled and emotional eating among non-overweight adolescents.

Project description:Background and objectivesInfant weight patterns predict subsequent weight outcomes. Rapid infant weight gain, defined as a >0.67 increase in weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) between two time points in infancy, increases obesity risk. Higher oxidative stress, an imbalance between antioxidants and reactive oxygen species, has been associated with low birthweight and paradoxically also with later obesity. We hypothesized that prenatal oxidative stress may also be associated with rapid infant weight gain, an early weight pattern associated with future obesity.MethodsWithin the NYU Children's Health and Environment Study prospective pregnancy cohort, we analyzed associations between prenatal lipid, protein, and DNA urinary oxidative stress biomarkers and infant weight data. Primary outcome was rapid infant weight gain (>0.67 increase in WAZ) between birth and later infancy at the 8 or 12 month visit. Secondary outcomes included: very rapid weight gain (>1.34 increase in WAZ), low (<2500 g) or high (≥4000 g) birthweight, and low (< -1 WAZ) or high (>1 WAZ) 12 month weight.ResultsPregnant participants consented to the postnatal study (n = 541); 425 participants had weight data both at birth and in later infancy. In an adjusted binary model, prenatal 8-iso-PGF2α, a lipid oxidative stress biomarker, was associated with rapid infant weight gain (aOR 1.44; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.78, p = 0.001). In a multinomial model using ≤0.67 change in WAZ as a reference group, 8-iso-PGF2α was associated with rapid infant weight gain (defined as >0.67 but ≤1.34 WAZ; aOR 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.05, p = 0.001) and very rapid infant weight gain (defined as >1.34 WAZ; aOR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.72, p < 0.05) Secondary analyses detected associations between 8-iso-PGF2α and low birthweight outcomes.ConclusionsWe found an association between 8-iso-PGF2α, a lipid prenatal oxidative stress biomarker, and rapid infant weight gain, expanding our understanding of the developmental origins of obesity and cardiometabolic disease.

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Associations of weight stigma with cortisol and oxidative stress independent of adiposity.

Publications

Associations of weight stigma with cortisol and oxidative stress independent of adiposity.

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