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Differential regulation of NF-?B-mediated proviral and antiviral host gene expression by primate lentiviral Nef and Vpu proteins.


ABSTRACT: NF-?B is essential for effective transcription of primate lentiviral genomes and also activates antiviral host genes. Here, we show that the early protein Nef of most primate lentiviruses enhances NF-?B activation. In contrast, the late protein Vpu of HIV-1 and its simian precursors inhibits activation of NF-?B, even in the presence of Nef. Although this effect of Vpu did not correlate with its ability to interact with ?-TrCP, it involved the stabilization of I?B and reduced nuclear translocation of p65. Interestingly, however, Vpu did not affect casein kinase II-mediated phosphorylation of p65. Lack of Vpu was associated with increased NF-?B activation and induction of interferon and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in HIV-1-infected T cells. Thus, HIV-1 and its simian precursors employ Nef to boost NF-?B activation early during the viral life cycle to initiate proviral transcription, while Vpu is used to downmodulate NF-?B-dependent expression of ISGs at later stages.

SUBMITTER: Sauter D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4682570 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential regulation of NF-κB-mediated proviral and antiviral host gene expression by primate lentiviral Nef and Vpu proteins.

Sauter Daniel D   Hotter Dominik D   Van Driessche Benoît B   Stürzel Christina M CM   Kluge Silvia F SF   Wildum Steffen S   Yu Hangxing H   Baumann Bernd B   Wirth Thomas T   Plantier Jean-Christophe JC   Leoz Marie M   Hahn Beatrice H BH   Van Lint Carine C   Kirchhoff Frank F  

Cell reports 20150122 4


NF-κB is essential for effective transcription of primate lentiviral genomes and also activates antiviral host genes. Here, we show that the early protein Nef of most primate lentiviruses enhances NF-κB activation. In contrast, the late protein Vpu of HIV-1 and its simian precursors inhibits activation of NF-κB, even in the presence of Nef. Although this effect of Vpu did not correlate with its ability to interact with β-TrCP, it involved the stabilization of IκB and reduced nuclear translocatio  ...[more]

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