Cutting Edge: IL-36 Receptor Promotes Resolution of Intestinal Damage.

ABSTRACT: IL-1 family members are central mediators of host defense. In this article, we show that the novel IL-1 family member IL-36? was expressed during experimental colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease. Germ-free mice failed to induce IL-36? in response to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced damage, suggesting that gut microbiota are involved in its induction. Surprisingly, IL-36R-deficient (Il1rl2(-/-)) mice exhibited defective recovery following DSS-induced damage and impaired closure of colonic mucosal biopsy wounds, which coincided with impaired neutrophil accumulation in the wound bed. Failure of Il1rl2(-/-) mice to recover from DSS-induced damage was associated with a profound reduction in IL-22 expression, particularly by colonic neutrophils. Defective recovery of Il1rl2(-/-) mice could be rescued by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, which was sufficient to restore IL-22 expression and promote full recovery from DSS-induced damage. These findings implicate the IL-36/IL-36R axis in the resolution of intestinal mucosal wounds.

SUBMITTER: Medina-Contreras O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4684965 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature