Dataset Information

Molecular mechanisms underlying the exceptional adaptations of batoid fins.

ABSTRACT: Extreme novelties in the shape and size of paired fins are exemplified by extinct and extant cartilaginous and bony fishes. Pectoral fins of skates and rays, such as the little skate (Batoid, Leucoraja erinacea), show a strikingly unique morphology where the pectoral fin extends anteriorly to ultimately fuse with the head. This results in a morphology that essentially surrounds the body and is associated with the evolution of novel swimming mechanisms in the group. In an approach that extends from RNA sequencing to in situ hybridization to functional assays, we show that anterior and posterior portions of the pectoral fin have different genetic underpinnings: canonical genes of appendage development control posterior fin development via an apical ectodermal ridge (AER), whereas an alternative Homeobox (Hox)-Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)-Wingless type MMTV integration site family (Wnt) genetic module in the anterior region creates an AER-like structure that drives anterior fin expansion. Finally, we show that GLI family zinc finger 3 (Gli3), which is an anterior repressor of tetrapod digits, is expressed in the posterior half of the pectoral fin of skate, shark, and zebrafish but in the anterior side of the pelvic fin. Taken together, these data point to both highly derived and deeply ancestral patterns of gene expression in skate pectoral fins, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind the evolution of novel fin morphologies.

SUBMITTER: Nakamura T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4702995 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Molecular mechanisms underlying the exceptional adaptations of batoid fins.

Nakamura Tetsuya T Klomp Jeff J Pieretti Joyce J Schneider Igor I Gehrke Andrew R AR Shubin Neil H NH

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20151207 52

Extreme novelties in the shape and size of paired fins are exemplified by extinct and extant cartilaginous and bony fishes. Pectoral fins of skates and rays, such as the little skate (Batoid, Leucoraja erinacea), show a strikingly unique morphology where the pectoral fin extends anteriorly to ultimately fuse with the head. This results in a morphology that essentially surrounds the body and is associated with the evolution of novel swimming mechanisms in the group. In an approach that extends fr ...[more]

PMID: 26644578

Similar Datasets

Project description:Fever implies a significant increase in corporal temperature that aids toward the resolution of infective processes such as viral disease. The majority of vertebrate species are not homeothermic therefore must rely upon the environment for temperature regulation. Here we show that in the zebrafish an artificial viral infection, induced by poly (I:C), induces a fever response regulated by the behavioral choice of temperature. We recorded 12 h of the diurnal cycle in zebrafish previously treated (first 12 hours dark cycle) with the pyrogen, poly (I:C) [10 μg⋅kg-1]. Fish, n=10, were held in a thermal gradient (36-180C) separated into 7 interconnected chambers. Presence or absence of individuals in each chamber was recorded each 15 minutes throughout the 12 hour period. After the experimental period we dissected whole brains for microarray analysis. In monitored zebrafish intraperitoneal treatment with poly (I:C) induced a febrile behaviour with significantly elevated temperature preference (T of about 32ºC) in stark contrast with the observed frequency for saline-injected fish (28ºC). Microarray analyses uncovered significant shifts in transcriptional activity that were highly directed in the poly (I:C)-treated fish housed in the thermal gradient. When compared to gene expression profiles from poly (I:C)-treated fish deprived of a thermal gradient we observed a less intense specific to the poly (I:C) challenge and interestingly observed a scattered generalised stress response. Our results highlight the influence of temperature preference in the development of the immune response in zebrafish. Fever induced gene expression in zebrafish brain was measured at 24 after intra peritoneal injection with 1mg*Kg-1 of Poly (I:C) in zebrafish. Four independent experiments were performed to explore the transcriptomic profile induced by animals injected by Poly (I:C) with/whithout thermal gradient, saline solution (PBS), or control using different animals for each experiment.

Dataset Information

Molecular mechanisms underlying the exceptional adaptations of batoid fins.

Publications

Molecular mechanisms underlying the exceptional adaptations of batoid fins.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets