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Activity of Tobramycin against Cystic Fibrosis Isolates of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Grown as Biofilms.

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is associated with more-rapid lung function decline and earlier death than in CF patients without this infection. In this study, we used confocal microscopy to visualize the effects of various concentrations of tobramycin, achievable with systemic and aerosolized drug administration, on mature B. cepacia complex biofilms, both in the presence and absence of CF sputum. After 24 h of growth, biofilm thickness was significantly reduced by exposure to 2,000 ?g/ml of tobramycin for Burkholderia cepacia, Burkholderia multivorans, and Burkholderia vietnamiensis; 200 ?g/ml of tobramycin was sufficient to reduce the thickness of Burkholderia dolosa biofilm. With a more mature 48-h biofilm, significant reductions in thickness were seen with tobramycin at concentrations of ?100 ?g/ml for all Burkholderia species. In addition, an increased ratio of dead to live cells was observed in comparison to control with tobramycin concentrations of ?200 ?g/ml for B. cepacia and B. dolosa (24 h) and ?100 ?g/ml for Burkholderia cenocepacia and B. dolosa (48 h). Although sputum significantly increased biofilm thickness, tobramycin concentrations of 1,000 ?g/ml were still able to significantly reduce biofilm thickness of all B. cepacia complex species with the exception of B. vietnamiensis. In the presence of sputum, 1,000 ?g/ml of tobramycin significantly increased the dead-to-live ratio only for B. multivorans compared to control. In summary, although killing is attenuated, high-dose tobramycin can effectively decrease the thickness of B. cepacia complex biofilms, even in the presence of sputum, suggesting a possible role as a suppressive therapy in CF.

SUBMITTER: Kennedy S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4704152 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Activity of Tobramycin against Cystic Fibrosis Isolates of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Grown as Biofilms.

Kennedy Sarah S Beaudoin Trevor T Yau Yvonne C W YC Caraher Emma E Zlosnik James E A JE Speert David P DP LiPuma John J JJ Tullis Elizabeth E Waters Valerie V

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20151026 1

Pulmonary infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is associated with more-rapid lung function decline and earlier death than in CF patients without this infection. In this study, we used confocal microscopy to visualize the effects of various concentrations of tobramycin, achievable with systemic and aerosolized drug administration, on mature B. cepacia complex biofilms, both in the presence and absence of CF sputum. After 24 h of growth, biofilm thickness wa ...[more]

PMID: 26503664

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Project description:Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) infection, associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) is intrinsically multidrug resistant to antibiotic treatment making eradication from the CF lung virtually impossible. Infection with Bcc leads to a rapid decline in lung function and is often a contraindication for lung transplant, significantly influencing morbidity and mortality associated with CF disease. Standard treatment frequently involves antibiotic combination therapy. However, no formal strategy has been adopted in clinical practice to guide successful eradication. A new class of direct-acting, large molecule polycationic glycopolymers, derivatives of a natural polysaccharide poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine (PAAG), are in development as an alternative to traditional antibiotic strategies. During treatment, PAAG rapidly targets the anionic structural composition of bacterial outer membranes. PAAG was observed to permeabilize bacterial membranes upon contact to facilitate potentiation of antibiotic activity. Three-dimensional checkerboard synergy analyses were used to test the susceptibility of eight Bcc strains (seven CF clinical isolates) to antibiotic combinations with PAAG or ceftazidime. Potentiation of tobramycin and meropenem activity was observed in combination with 8-128 ?g/mL PAAG. Treatment with PAAG reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tobramycin and meropenem below their clinical sensitivity breakpoints (?4 ?g/mL), demonstrating the ability of PAAG to sensitize antibiotic resistant Bcc clinical isolates. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) calculations showed PAAG was able to significantly potentiate antibacterial synergy with these antibiotics toward all Bcc species tested. These preliminary studies suggest PAAG facilitates a broad synergistic activity that may result in more positive therapeutic outcomes and supports further development of safe, polycationic glycopolymers for inhaled combination antibiotic therapy, particularly for CF-associated Bcc infections.

Project description:BackgroundChronic infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex species remains a significant problem for clinicians treating people with cystic fibrosis. Colonisation with Burkholderia cepacia complex species is linked to a more rapid decline in lung function and increases morbidity and mortality. There remain no objective guidelines for strategies to eradicate Burkholderia cepacia complex in cystic fibrosis lung disease, as these are inherently resistant to the majority of antibiotics and there has been very little research in this area. This review aims to examine the current treatment options for people with cystic fibrosis with acute infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex and to identify an evidence-based strategy that is both safe and effective. This is an updated version of the review.ObjectivesTo identify whether treatment of Burkholderia cepacia complex infections can achieve eradication, or if treatment can prevent or delay the onset of chronic infection. To establish whether following eradication, clinical outcomes are improved and if there are any adverse effects.Search methodsWe searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews.Last search: 12 March 2019.We also searched electronic clinical trials registers for the USA and Europe.Date of last search: 12 March 2019.Selection criteriaRandomised or quasi-randomised studies in people with cystic fibrosis of antibiotics or alternative therapeutic agents used alone or in combination, using any method of delivery and any treatment duration, to eradicate Burkholderia cepacia complex infections compared to another antibiotic, placebo or no treatment.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently assessed for inclusion in the review the eligibility of 52 studies (79 references) identified by the search of the Group's Trial Register and the other electronic searches.Main resultsNo studies looking at the eradication of Burkholderia cepacia complex species were identified.Authors' conclusionsThe authors have concluded that there was an extreme lack of evidence in this area of treatment management for people with cystic fibrosis. Without further comprehensive studies, it is difficult to draw conclusions about a safe and effective management strategy for Burkholderia cepacia complex eradication in cystic fibrosis. Thus, while the review could not offer clinicians evidence of an effective eradication protocol for Burkholderia cepacia complex, it has highlighted an urgent need for exploration and research in this area, specifically the need for well-designed multi-centre randomised controlled studies of a variety of (novel) antibiotic agents.

Project description:In persons with cystic fibrosis (CF), airway infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species or Burkholderia gladioli presents a significant challenge due to inherent resistance to multiple antibiotics. Two chromosomally encoded inducible β-lactamases, a Pen-like class A and AmpC are produced in Bcc and B. gladioli Previously, ceftazidime-avibactam demonstrated significant potency against Bcc and B. gladioli isolated from the sputum of individuals with CF; however, 10% of the isolates tested resistant to ceftazidime-avibactam. Here, we describe an alternative antibiotic combination to overcome ceftazidime-avibactam resistance. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on Bcc and B. gladioli clinical and control isolates. Biochemical analysis was conducted on purified PenA1 and AmpC1 β-lactamases from Burkholderia multivorans ATCC 17616. Analytic isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting were conducted on cellular extracts of B. multivorans induced by various β-lactams or β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. Combinations of piperacillin-avibactam, as well as piperacillin-tazobactam plus ceftazidime-avibactam (the clinically available counterpart), were tested against a panel of ceftazidime-avibactam nonsusceptible Bcc and B. gladioli The piperacillin-avibactam and piperacillin-tazobactam-ceftazidime-avibactam combinations restored susceptibility to 99% of the isolates tested. Avibactam is a potent inhibitor of PenA1 (apparent inhibitory constant [Ki app] = 0.5 μM), while piperacillin was found to inhibit AmpC1 (Ki app = 2.6 μM). Moreover, piperacillin, tazobactam, ceftazidime, and avibactam, as well as combinations thereof, did not induce expression of bla penA1 and bla ampC1 in the B. multivorans ATCC 17616 background. When ceftazidime-avibactam is combined with piperacillin-tazobactam, the susceptibility of Bcc and B. gladioli to ceftazidime and piperacillin is restored in vitro Both the lack of bla penA1 induction and potent inactivation of PenA1 by avibactam likely provide the major contributions toward susceptibility. With in vivo validation, piperacillin-tazobactam-ceftazidime-avibactam may represent salvage therapy for individuals with CF and highly drug-resistant Bcc and B. gladioli infections.

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Activity of Tobramycin against Cystic Fibrosis Isolates of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Grown as Biofilms.

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Activity of Tobramycin against Cystic Fibrosis Isolates of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Grown as Biofilms.

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