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Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference.

ABSTRACT: Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies conducted in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations of abdominal obesity with approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 53,052 (for WC) and 48,312 (for WHR) individuals of Asian descent, and replicated 33 selected SNPs among 3,762 to 17,110 additional individuals. We identified four novel loci near the EFEMP1, ADAMTSL3 , CNPY2, and GNAS genes that were associated with WC after adjustment for body mass index (BMI); two loci near the NID2 and HLA-DRB5 genes associated with WHR after adjustment for BMI, and three loci near the CEP120, TSC22D2, and SLC22A2 genes associated with WC without adjustment for BMI. Functional enrichment analyses revealed enrichment of corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling, GNRH signaling, and/or CDK5 signaling pathways for those newly-identified loci. Our study provides additional insight on genetic contribution to abdominal obesity.

SUBMITTER: Wen W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4726286 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference.

Wen Wanqing W Kato Norihiro N Hwang Joo-Yeon JY Guo Xingyi X Tabara Yasuharu Y Li Huaixing H Dorajoo Rajkumar R Yang Xiaobo X Tsai Fuu-Jen FJ Li Shengxu S Wu Ying Y Wu Tangchun T Kim Soriul S Guo Xiuqing X Liang Jun J Shungin Dmitry D Adair Linda S LS Akiyama Koichi K Allison Matthew M Cai Qiuyin Q Chang Li-Ching LC Chen Chien-Hsiun CH Chen Yuan-Tsong YT Cho Yoon Shin YS Choi Bo Youl BY Gao Yutang Y Go Min Jin MJ Gu Dongfeng D Han Bok-Ghee BG He Meian M Hixson James E JE Hu Yanling Y Huang Tao T Isono Masato M Jung Keum Ji KJ Kang Daehee D Kim Young Jin YJ Kita Yoshikuni Y Lee Juyoung J Lee Nanette R NR Lee Jeannette J Wang Yiqin Y Liu Jian-Jun JJ Long Jirong J Moon Sanghoon S Nakamura Yasuyuki Y Nakatochi Masahiro M Ohnaka Keizo K Rao Dabeeru D Shi Jiajun J Sull Jae Woong JW Tan Aihua A Ueshima Hirotsugu H Wu Chen C Xiang Yong-Bing YB Yamamoto Ken K Yao Jie J Ye Xingwang X Yokota Mitsuhiro M Zhang Xiaomin X Zheng Yan Y Qi Lu L Rotter Jerome I JI Jee Sun Ha SH Lin Dongxin D Mohlke Karen L KL He Jiang J Mo Zengnan Z Wu Jer-Yuarn JY Tai E Shyong ES Lin Xu X Miki Tetsuro T Kim Bong-Jo BJ Takeuchi Fumihiko F Zheng Wei W Shu Xiao-Ou XO

Scientific reports 20160120

Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies conducted in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations of abdominal obesity with approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 53,052 (for WC) and 48,312 (for WHR) individuals of Asian descent, and replicated 33 selected SNPs among 3,762 to 17,110 additional individu ...[more]

PMID: 26785701

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Project description:BackgroundWaist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are all independent predictors of cardio-metabolic risk and therefore important in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy at risk of increased visceral adiposity. This study aimed to assess the extent of agreement between these parameters and the body mass index (BMI), as anthropometric parameters and in classifying cardio-metabolic risk in HIV/AIDS patients.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional study involving 200 HIV/AIDS patients was done. Anthropometric parameters were measured from participants using standard guidelines and central obesity defined according to recommended criteria. Increased cardio-metabolic risk was defined according to the standard cut-off values for all four parameters. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14.1.ResultsThe prevalence of WC-defined central obesity, WHR-defined central obesity and WHtR > 0.50 were 33.5%, 44.5% and 36.5%, respectively. The prevalence of BMI-defined overweight and obesity was 40.5%. After adjusting for gender and HAART status, there was a significant linear association and correlation between WC and BMI (regression equation: WC (cm) = 37.184 + 1.756 BMI (Kg/m2) + 0.825 Male + 1.002 HAART, (p < 0.001, r = 0.65)), and between WHtR and BMI (regression equation: WHtR = 0.223 + 0.011 BMI (Kg/m2)- 0.0153 Male + 0.003 HAART, (p < 0.001, r = 0.65)), but not between WHR and BMI (p = 0.097, r = 0.13). There was no agreement between the WC, WHtR and BMI, and minimal agreement between the WHR and BMI, in identifying patients with an increased cardio-metabolic risk.ConclusionDespite the observed linear association and correlation between these anthropometric parameters, the routine use of WC, WHR and WHtR as better predictors of cardio-metabolic risk should be encouraged in these patients, due to their minimal agreement with BMI in identifying HIV/AIDS patients with increased cardio-metabolic risk. HAART status does not appear to significantly affect the association between these anthropometric parameters.

Project description:BackgroundLittle is known about the long-term shifts in distributions of three abdominal-obesity-related indicators, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) among Chinese adults. Traditional mean regression models used in the previous analyses were limited in their ability to capture cross-distribution among effects. The current study aims to describe the shift in distribution of WC, WHpR, and WHtR over a period of 18 years (1993-2011) in China, and to reveal quantile-specific associations of the three indicators with key covariates.MethodsLongitudinal data from seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Surveys (CHNS) in 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 were analyzed. The LMS method was used to illustrate the gender-specific quantile curves of WC, WHtR and WHpR over age. Separate gender-stratified longitudinal quantile regressions were employed to investigate the effect of important factors on the trends of the three indicators.ResultsA total of 11,923 participants aged 18-65 years with 49,507 observations were included in the analysis. The density curves of WC, WHtR and WHpR shifted to right and became wider. The three outcomes all increased with age and increased more at upper percentiles. From the multivariate quantile regression, physical activity was negatively associated in both genders; smoking only had a negative effect on male indicators. Education and drinking behavior both had opposite effects on the three indicators between men and women. Marital status and income were positively associated with the shifts in WC, WHtR and WHpR in male and female WC, while urbanicity index had a positive effect on three outcomes in men but inconsistent effect among female outcomes.ConclusionsThe abdominal-obesity related indicators of the Chinese adults experienced rapid growth according to our population-based, age- and gender-specific analyses. Over the 18-year study period, major increases in WC, WHtR and WHpR were observed among Chinese adults. Specifically, these increases were greater at upper percentiles and in men. Age, physical activity, energy intake, drinking, smoking, education, income and urbanicity index were associated with elevated abdominal obesity indicators, and the effects differed among percentiles and between genders.

Dataset Information

Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference.

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Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference.

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