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POPULATION GENETICS. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans.

ABSTRACT: How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we found that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (ka) and after no more than an 8000-year isolation period in Beringia. After their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 ka, one that is now dispersed across North and South America and the other restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians (including Siberians) and, more distantly, Australo-Melanesians. Putative "Paleoamerican" relict populations, including the historical Mexican Pericúes and South American Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians as suggested by the Paleoamerican Model.

SUBMITTER: Raghavan M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4733658 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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POPULATION GENETICS. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans.

Raghavan Maanasa M   Steinrücken Matthias M   Harris Kelley K   Schiffels Stephan S   Rasmussen Simon S   DeGiorgio Michael M   Albrechtsen Anders A   Valdiosera Cristina C   Ávila-Arcos María C MC   Malaspinas Anna-Sapfo AS   Eriksson Anders A   Moltke Ida I   Metspalu Mait M   Homburger Julian R JR   Wall Jeff J   Cornejo Omar E OE   Moreno-Mayar J Víctor JV   Korneliussen Thorfinn S TS   Pierre Tracey T   Rasmussen Morten M   Campos Paula F PF   de Barros Damgaard Peter P   Allentoft Morten E ME   Lindo John J   Metspalu Ene E   Rodríguez-Varela Ricardo R   Mansilla Josefina J   Henrickson Celeste C   Seguin-Orlando Andaine A   Malmström Helena H   Stafford Thomas T   Shringarpure Suyash S SS   Moreno-Estrada Andrés A   Karmin Monika M   Tambets Kristiina K   Bergström Anders A   Xue Yali Y   Warmuth Vera V   Friend Andrew D AD   Singarayer Joy J   Valdes Paul P   Balloux Francois F   Leboreiro Ilán I   Vera Jose Luis JL   Rangel-Villalobos Hector H   Pettener Davide D   Luiselli Donata D   Davis Loren G LG   Heyer Evelyne E   Zollikofer Christoph P E CPE   Ponce de León Marcia S MS   Smith Colin I CI   Grimes Vaughan V   Pike Kelly-Anne KA   Deal Michael M   Fuller Benjamin T BT   Arriaza Bernardo B   Standen Vivien V   Luz Maria F MF   Ricaut Francois F   Guidon Niede N   Osipova Ludmila L   Voevoda Mikhail I MI   Posukh Olga L OL   Balanovsky Oleg O   Lavryashina Maria M   Bogunov Yuri Y   Khusnutdinova Elza E   Gubina Marina M   Balanovska Elena E   Fedorova Sardana S   Litvinov Sergey S   Malyarchuk Boris B   Derenko Miroslava M   Mosher M J MJ   Archer David D   Cybulski Jerome J   Petzelt Barbara B   Mitchell Joycelynn J   Worl Rosita R   Norman Paul J PJ   Parham Peter P   Kemp Brian M BM   Kivisild Toomas T   Tyler-Smith Chris C   Sandhu Manjinder S MS   Crawford Michael M   Villems Richard R   Smith David Glenn DG   Waters Michael R MR   Goebel Ted T   Johnson John R JR   Malhi Ripan S RS   Jakobsson Mattias M   Meltzer David J DJ   Manica Andrea A   Durbin Richard R   Bustamante Carlos D CD   Song Yun S YS   Nielsen Rasmus R   Willerslev Eske E  

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20150721 6250

How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we found that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (ka) and after no more than an 8000-year isolation period in Beringia. After their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 ka,  ...[more]

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