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Household concentrations and personal exposure of PM2.5 among urban residents using different cooking fuels.

ABSTRACT: Exposure to PM2.5 is a leading environmental risk factor for many diseases and premature deaths, arousing growing public concerns. In this study, indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were investigated during the heating and non-heating seasons in an urban area in northwest China. Personal inhalation exposure levels among different age groups were evaluated, and the difference attributable to different cooking fuels including coal, gas and electricity, was discussed. The average concentrations of PM2.5 in the kitchen and the bedroom were 125±51 and 119±64?g/m(3) during the heating season, and 80±67 and 80±50?g/m(3) during the non-heating season, respectively. Indoor PM2.5, from indoor combustion sources but also outdoor penetration, contributed to about 75% of the total PM2.5 exposure. Much higher indoor concentrations and inhalation exposure levels were found in households using coal for cooking compared to those using gas and electricity. Changing from coal to gas or electricity for cooking could result in a reduction of PM2.5 in the kitchen by 40-70% and consequently lower inhalation exposure levels, especially for children and women.

SUBMITTER: Li T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4760902 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Household concentrations and personal exposure of PM2.5 among urban residents using different cooking fuels.

Li Tianxin T Cao Suzhen S Fan Delong D Zhang Yaqun Y Wang Beibei B Zhao Xiuge X Leaderer Brian P BP Shen Guofeng G Zhang Yawei Y Duan Xiaoli X

The Science of the total environment 20160119

Exposure to PM2.5 is a leading environmental risk factor for many diseases and premature deaths, arousing growing public concerns. In this study, indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were investigated during the heating and non-heating seasons in an urban area in northwest China. Personal inhalation exposure levels among different age groups were evaluated, and the difference attributable to different cooking fuels including coal, gas and electricity, was discussed. The average concentrations ...[more]

PMID: 26799802

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Project description:BackgroundThe Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) trial is an ongoing multi-center randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of a liquified petroleum gas (LPG) cookstove and fuel intervention on health. Given the potential impacts of household air pollution (HAP) exposure from burning solid fuels on cardiovascular health during pregnancy, we sought to determine whether baseline exposures to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) were associated with blood pressure among 799 pregnant women in Tamil Nadu, India, one of the HAPIN trial centers.MethodsMultivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between 24-h personal exposure to PM2.5/BC/CO and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, controlling for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), mother's education, household wealth, gestational age, and season. At the time of measurement, women were between 9- and 20-weeks of gestation.ResultsWe found that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were higher in pregnant women exposed to higher levels of HAP, though only the result for CO and DBP reached conventional statistical significance (p < 0.05). We observed a positive association between CO and DBP among the entire study cohort: a 1-log μg/m3 increase in CO exposure was associated with 0.36 mmHg higher DBP (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02 to 0.70). The effect was stronger in pregnant women with higher CO exposures (in the 3rd [≥ 0.9 and < 2.1 ppm] and 4th quartiles [≥ 2.1 and ≤ 46.9 ppm]). We also found that pregnant women with PM2.5 exposures in the highest quartile (≥ 129.9 and ≤ 2100 μg/m3) had a borderline significant association (p = 0.054) with DBP compared to those who had PM2.5 exposures in the lowest quartile (≥ 9.4 and < 47.7 μg/m3). No evidence of association was observed for BC exposure and blood pressure.ConclusionThis study contributes to limited evidence regarding the relationship between HAP exposure and blood pressure among women during pregnancy, a critical window for both mother and child's life-course health. Results from this cross-sectional study suggest that exposures to PM2.5 and CO from solid fuel use are associated with higher blood pressure in pregnant women during their first or second trimester.

Dataset Information

Household concentrations and personal exposure of PM2.5 among urban residents using different cooking fuels.

Publications

Household concentrations and personal exposure of PM2.5 among urban residents using different cooking fuels.

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