Dataset Information

Expression dynamics of bovine MX genes in the endometrium and placenta during early to mid pregnancy.

ABSTRACT: MX belongs to a family of type I interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, and the MX protein has antiviral activity. MX has at least two isoforms, known as MX1 and MX2, in mammals. Moreover, bovine MX1 has been found to have alternative splice variants-namely, MX1-a and MX1B. In ruminants, IFN-?-a type I IFN-is temporarily produced from the conceptus before implantation and induces MX expression in the endometrium. However, the expression dynamics of MX after implantation are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the expression of MX1-a, MX1B and MX2 in the endometrium and placenta before and after implantation along with the expression of IFN-?, type I receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2) and interferon regulatory factors (IRF3 and IRF9). Pregnant uterine samples were divided into five groups according to pregnancy days 14-18, 25-40, 50-70, 80-100, and 130-150. Tissue samples were collected from the intercaruncular endometrium (IC), caruncular endometrium (C) and fetal placenta (P). Although all the MX expressions were significantly higher in the IC and C at days 14-18, presumably caused by embryo-secreted IFN-? stimulation, their expressions were also detectable in the IC, C and P after implantation. Furthermore, IFN-? expression was significantly higher in the IC. RT-PCR indicated IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IRF3 and IRF9 mRNA in all the tissues during pregnancy. These results suggest that all the MX genes are affected by the type I IFN pathway during pregnancy and are involved in an immune response to protect the mother and fetus.

SUBMITTER: Shirozu T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4768776 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Expression dynamics of bovine MX genes in the endometrium and placenta during early to mid pregnancy.

Shirozu Takahiro T Sasaki Keisuke K Kawahara Manabu M Yanagawa Yojiro Y Nagano Masashi M Yamauchi Nobuhiko N Takahashi Masashi M

The Journal of reproduction and development 20151026 1

MX belongs to a family of type I interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, and the MX protein has antiviral activity. MX has at least two isoforms, known as MX1 and MX2, in mammals. Moreover, bovine MX1 has been found to have alternative splice variants-namely, MX1-a and MX1B. In ruminants, IFN-τ-a type I IFN-is temporarily produced from the conceptus before implantation and induces MX expression in the endometrium. However, the expression dynamics of MX after implantation are not clear. In the present ...[more]

PMID: 26498202

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Transient receptor potential channel type 6 (TRPV6) and Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) are involved in the active calcium (Ca2+) transport mechanism in many tissues including placenta and uterus, suggesting a role in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Moreover, TRPV6 and CaBP-9k seem to support the materno-fetal Ca2+ transport that is crucial for fetal Ca2+ homeostasis, bone growth and development. However, it is unknown if these proteins are also involved in the aetiology of pathologies associated with parturition in cows, such as retained fetal membranes (RFM). The aim of the current study was to create an expression profile of uterine and placentomal TRPV6 and CaBP-9k mRNAs and proteins during pregnancy and postpartum in cows with and without fetal membrane release. METHODS: Uteri and placentomes of 27 cows in different stages of pregnancy and placentomes of cows with and without RFM were collected. Protein and mRNA expression of TRPV6 and CaBP-9k was investigated by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: In the uterine endometrium, highest TRPV6 and CaBP-9k expression was found in the last trimester of pregnancy, with a particular increase of protein in the glandular epithelium. In the placentomes, a gradual increase in TRPV6 mRNA was detectable towards parturition, while protein expression did not change significantly. Placentomal CaBP-9k expression did not change significantly throughout pregnancy but immunohistochemistry revealed an increase in staining intensity in the maternal crypt epithelium. Immunohistochemical, stronger placental CaBP-9k signals were seen in animals with RFM compared to animals with an undisturbed fetal membrane release, while protein levels, measured by Western blot analyses did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study demonstrate a dynamic expression of TRPV6 and CaBP-9k during pregnancy in the bovine uterine endometrium and placentomes, suggesting a functional role for these proteins in Ca2+ metabolism during pregnancy. The temporal and spatial expression patterns indicate that TRPV6 and CaBP-9k may be involved in materno-fetal Ca2+ transport, mainly through an interplacentomal transport, and that both proteins may participate in physiological processes that are crucial for fetal and placental development. However, neither TRPV6 nor CaBP-9k seem to be causative in the retention of fetal membranes.

Project description:During the early stages of pregnancy, the uterine endometrium undergoes dramatic morphologic and functional changes accompanied with dynamic variation in gene expression. Pregnancy-stage specific differentially expressed gene (DEG)-transcript-probes were investigated and identified by comparing endometrium transcriptome at 9th day (9D), 12th day (12D) and 16th day (16D) of early pregnancy in Polish large-white (PLW) gilts. Endometrium comparisons between 9D-vs-12D, 9D-vs-16D and 12D-vs-16D of early pregnancy identified 6049, 374 and 6034 highly significant DEG-transcript-probes (p < 0.001; >2 FC). GO term enrichment analysis identified commonly shared upregulated endometrial DEG-transcript-probes (p < 0.001; >2 FC), that were regulating the gene functions of anatomic structure development and transport (TG), DNA-binding and methyltransferase activity (ZBTB2), ion-binding and kinase activity (CKM), cell proliferation and apoptosis activity (IL1B). Downregulated DEG-transcript-probes (p < 0.001; >2 FC) were involved in regulating the gene functions of phosphatase activity (PTPN11), TC616413 gene-transcript and Sus-scrofa LOC100525539. Moreover, blastn comparison of microarray-probes sequences against sus-scrofa11 assembly identified commonly shared upregulated endometrial DEG-transcript-probes (E < 0.06; >2 FC), that were regulating the gene functions of reproduction and growth (SELENOP), cytoskeleton organization and kinase activity (CDC42BPA), phosphatase activity (MINPP1), enzyme-binding and cell-population proliferation (VAV3), cancer-susceptibility candidate gene (CASC4), cytoskeletal protein-binding (COBLL1), ion-binding, enzyme regulator activity (ACAP2) Downregulated endometrial DEG-transcript-probes (E < 0.06; >2FC) were involved in regulating the gene functions of signal-transduction (TMEM33), catabolic and metabolic processes (KLHL15). Microarray validation experiment on selected candidate genes showed complementarity to significant endometrial DEG-transcript-probes responsible for the regulation of immune response (IL1B, S100A11), lipid metabolism (FABP3, PPARG), cell-adhesion (ITGAV), angiogenesis (IL1B), intercellular transmission (NMB), cell-adhesion (OPN) and response to stimuli (RBP4) was confirmed by RT-PCR. This study provides a clue that identified pregnancy-stage specific microarray transcript probes could be considered as candidate genes for recognition and establishment of early pregnancy in the pig.

Dataset Information

Expression dynamics of bovine MX genes in the endometrium and placenta during early to mid pregnancy.

Publications

Expression dynamics of bovine MX genes in the endometrium and placenta during early to mid pregnancy.

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