Association between Tooth Loss and Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Yin XH
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4774992 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:PurposeObservational studies have given inconsistent findings on the relationship between intake of dairy products and gastric cancer. We therefore conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis of observational studies to summarize available evidence on this point.MethodsWe searched the electronic literature databases of PubMed (Medline), EMBASE and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database up until August 30, 2013. All studies were limited to the English language. Random-effects models were used to pool study results between dairy products consumption and the risk of gastric cancer. We also performed subgroup, publication bias and sensitivity analysis.ResultsEight prospective studies and 18 case-control studies were included in our analysis, with a total number of 7272 gastric cancer cases and 223,355 controls. Pooled relative risks of all studies showed no significant association between dairy intake and gastric cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96-1.25). When study design was separately analyzed, population-based case-control studies showed a positive association between dairy intake and gastric cancer risk (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07-1.74), whereas no associations were shown by hospital-based case-control studies (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.72-1.02) or cohort studies (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.91-1.13).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis shows that no clear association apparently exists between consumption of dairy products and gastric cancer risk. Further well-designed cohort and intervention studies should be conducted to verify this lack of association.
| S-EPMC4090187 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background[corrected] Epidemiological studies have shown that tooth loss is associated with risk of head and neck cancer (HNC); however, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to ascertain the relationship between tooth loss and HNC.MethodsWe searched for relevant observational studies that tested the association between tooth loss and risk of HNC from PubMed and were conducted up to January 30, 2013. Data from the eligible studies were independently extracted by two authors. The meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.2 software. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the influence of various inclusions. Publication bias was also detected.ResultsTen articles involving one cohort and ten case-control studies were yielded. Based on random-effects meta-analysis, an association between tooth loss and HNC risk was identified [increased risk of 29% for 1 to 6 teeth loss (OR?=?1.29, 95% CI?=?0.52-3.20, p?=?0.59), 58% for 6 to 15 teeth loss (OR?=?1.58, 95% CI?=?1.08-2.32, p?=?0.02), 63% for 11+ teeth loss (OR?=?1.63, 95% CI?=?1.23-2.14, p<0.001), 72% for 15+ teeth loss (OR?=?1.72, 95% CI?=?1.26-2.36, p<0.001), and 89% for 20+ teeth loss (OR?=?1.89, 95% CI?=?1.27-2.80, p<0.001)]. The sensitivity analysis shows that the result was robust, and publication bias was not detected.ConclusionsBased on the current evidence, tooth loss is probably a significant and dependent risk factor of HNC, which may have a dose-response effect. People who lost six or more teeth should pay attention to symptoms of HNC, and losing 11 teeth or 15 teeth may be the threshold.
| S-EPMC3829962 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The purpose of this study was to synthesize the results of previously published observational studies through meta-analysis to clarify the association between smoking and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). We searched several databases as of October 2019. Based on the results of heterogeneity analysis (Q statistic and I2 statistic), a fixed effect model (for no heterogeneity; Q test P > 0.1 and I2 ? 50%) or a random effects model (for heterogeneity) was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs). We explored the potential dose-response relationship between smoking and NIHL as well. In total, 27 studies involving 30,465 participants were included. Compared with non-smokers, the pooled OR of current smokers was 2.05 (95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.71-2.46), and of former smokers was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05-1.18). We found a curve linear association between an increasing number of pack-years (packages/day × smoking years) and risk of NIHL. The dose-response meta-analysis suggested that when the number of pack-years was less than fifteen, the risk of NIHL was increasing, and the highest combined OR was 5.25 (95% CI: 2.30-11.96) for pack-years of fifteen. After fifteen pack-years, the pooled OR had a slow decline. Our study indicated that smoking is a risk factor for NIHL. Current smokers have a higher risk than former smokers, and there is a positive dose-response relationship between smoking and NIHL.
| S-EPMC7068375 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental pollutant and has been a recognized carcinogen for several decades. Many observational studies reported Cd exposure might be one cause of renal cancer. However, these findings are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between cadmium exposure and renal cancer risk. A comprehensive PubMed and Embase search was conducted to retrieve observational studies meeting our meta-analysis criteria. A combined odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to assess the association between Cd exposure and renal cancer risk. The meta-analysis showed that a high Cd exposure significantly increased renal cancer 1.47 times (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.71, for highest versus lowest category of cadmium categories). The significant association remained consistent when stratified by geographic region and gender, however mixed results were produced when stratified by sample size, study design, NOS score, adjustment for covariates, effects measure, and exposure type. Our results indicated that a high Cd exposure was associated with increased renal cancer risk and the association was higher for occupational exposure compared with non-occupational exposure. This meta-analysis suggests that a high Cd exposure may be a risk factor for renal cancer in occupational population.
| S-EPMC4675972 | biostudies-other
Project description:There were many observational studies that examined the association between refrigerator use and stomach cancer. However, the results remain to be a contradiction. This study aimed to evaluate the association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases (up to 31 May 2017), and manually reviewed the references lists of retrieved articles, to identify studies that evaluated the association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer. Observational studies reporting odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer were included. Two authors independently reviewed and selected eligible studies and conducted the study quality evaluation. We included a total of twelve studies enrolling 14,361 individuals. The summarized OR the association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.56-0.88; P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that a significantly inverse association between refrigerator use and gastric cancer risk was observed in in some Asian countries (OR = 0.68, 95% CI, 0.50-0.93; P = 0.002), but not in some Western countries, such as Germany, etc. Refrigerator use is significantly associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer. Further studies are warranted to confirm whether refrigerator use could reduce the risk of gastric cancer among some Asian countries.
| S-EPMC6117033 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTooth loss is suggested to be associated with an increased risk of dementia in many studies. But the relationship between tooth loss and dementia is not yet fully understood. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the relative effect of tooth loss on dementia risk.MethodsAn electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Knowledge was conducted in March 2018 to identify relevant observational studies with the English language restriction. Studies were included if they assessed the relationship between tooth loss and risk of dementia. Study quality was detected by the modified Downs and Black scale. Odds risks (ORs) were pooled using a random-effects model in the crude model.ResultsThe literature search initially yielded 1574 articles, and 21 observational studies published between 1994 and 2017 were finally included for the analyses. The crude results with random-effects model showed that patients with multiple tooth loss had higher incidence of dementia (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.90-3.61, P < 0.001, I2 = 90.40%). The association remained noted when only adjusted results were pooled from 18 studies (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.41-1.70, P = 0.13, I2 = 28.00%). Meta-regression analysis showed that study design explained about 16.52% of heterogeneity in the crude model. The overall quality rating scores of studies ranged from 11 to 16.ConclusionsFindings from this review evidenced that tooth loss is positively associated with an increased risk of dementia in adults. Future well-designed longitudinal researches examining the direct and indirect relationship between tooth loss and dementia risk are encouraged.
| S-EPMC6195976 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Many studies investigated the association between alcohol drinking and gastric cancer risk, but the results were controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to explore the association.We searched PubMed to identify the relevant studies that reported the association between alcohol drinking and gastric cancer risk up to December 31, 2016. We pooled relative risks (RRs) in random effects model and performed dose-response analysis to quantify the association. Cochran Q test and I2 analyses were used to evaluate the heterogeneity. Meta-regression, subgroup, sensitivity and publication bias analyses were also performed.75 studies were included in our study. The pooled RR of high vs low total alcohol drinking was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.15-1.37, P < 0.001), and a nonlinear association was further observed. Subgroup analysis showed that alcohol drinking significantly associated with the risk of gastric noncardia cancer (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.01-1.40, P = 0.033), but not with the risk of gastric cardia cancer (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.98-1.39, P = 0.087). Notably, the pooled RRs of high vs low analyses were 1.13 (95% CI, 1.03-1.24, P = 0.012) for beer drinking, 1.22 (95% CI, 1.06-1.40, P = 0.005) for liquor drinking, and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.84-1.16, P = 0.857) for wine drinking.Our meta-analysis found a nonlinear association between alcohol drinking and gastric cancer risk, and heavy drinking level was strongly related to gastric cancer risk. Beer and liquor had significant positive associations with gastric cancer risk, while wine drinking would not increase gastric cancer risk. These results need to be verified in future research.
| S-EPMC5716786 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Quantification of the association between the intake of vitamin C and risk of pancreatic cancer is still conflicting. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between them. Pertinent studies were identified by a search of PubMed and Web of Knowledge throughSeptember of 2014. A random effects model was used to combine the data for analysis. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were conducted. Data from 17 studies including 4827 pancreatic cancer cases were used in this meta-analysis. Pooled results suggested that highest vitamin C intake amount versus lowest amount was significantlyassociated with reduced the risk of pancreatic cancer [summary relative risk (RR) = 0.705, 95% CI = 0.612-0.811, I(2) = 42.3%]. The associations were also significant both in Caucasian [summary RR = 0.741, 95% CI = 0.626-0.876], Asian [summary RR = 0.455, 95% CI = 0.275-0.754] and Mixed population [summary RR = 0.677, 95% CI = 0.508-0.901]. No publication bias was found. Our analysis suggested that the higher intake of vitamin C might reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.
| S-EPMC4566085 | biostudies-other
Project description:Conflicting results to identify the relationship between tooth loss and cancer risk. Therefore, a dose-response meta-analysis was performed to clarify and quantitative assessed the correlation between tooth loss and cancer risk. Up to March 2017, 25 observational epidemiological studies were included in current meta-analysis. Tooth loss was significantly associated with a higher risk of cancer. Additionally, tooth loss was associated with significantly a higher risk of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreas cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer and hematopoietic cancer. Subgroup analysis showed consistent findings. Furthermore, a significant dose-response relationship was observed between tooth loss and cancer risk. Increasing per 10 of tooth loss was associated with a 9% increment of cancer risk, 14% increment of esophageal cancer risk, 9% increment of gastric cancer risk, 31% increment of head and neck cancer risk, 4% increment of colorectal cancer risk, 7% increment of pancreas cancer risk, 19% increment of lung cancer risk, 2% increment of bladder cancer risk and 3% increment of hematopoietic cancer risk. Considering these promising results, tooth loss might be harmful for health. Large sample size, different ethnic population and different cancer type are warranted to validate this association.
| S-EPMC5871100 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Evidence from observational studies shows that hypertension may be a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the relationship between hypertension and knee OA risk remains controversial. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the relationship between hypertension and risk of knee OA.Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched up to July 25, 2016. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were extracted from the included observational studies. Publication bias, heterogeneity test, and subgroup analyses were performed.Eight studies including 2 cohort studies and 6 cross-sectional studies with 9762 participants were finally included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that hypertension was significantly associated with higher radiographic knee OA and symptomatic knee OA risks of 2.01 (95% CI, 1.28-3.15, I = 90.2%, P for heterogeneity <.001) and 1.49 (95% CI, 1.26-1.77, I = 0%, P for heterogeneity <.412), respectively. No publication bias was detected. The subgroup analysis showed that the study design did not influence the results (radiographic knee OA: OR = 1.42, 95% CI, 1.19-1.71 for cross-sectional studies and OR = 2.17, 95% CI, 1.30-3.63 for cohort studies; and symptomatic knee OA: OR = 1.85, 95% CI, 1.10-3.13) for cross-sectional studies and OR = 2.74, 95% CI, 1.81-4.16 for cohort studies).This meta-analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between hypertension and knee OA (both radiographic and symptomatic). However, further original studies are needed that use a better design.
| S-EPMC5556207 | biostudies-other