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Membrane-proximal TRAIL species are incapable of inducing short circuit apoptosis signaling: Implications for drug development and basic cytokine biology.

ABSTRACT: TRAIL continues to garner substantial interest as a recombinant cancer therapeutic while the native cytokine itself serves important tumor surveillance functions when expressed in membrane-anchored form on activated immune effector cells. We have recently developed the genetically stabilized TRAIL platform TR3 in efforts to improve the limitations associated with currently available drug variants. While in the process of characterizing mesothelin-targeted TR3 variants using a single chain antibody (scFv) delivery format (SS-TR3), we discovered that the membrane-tethered cytokine had a substantially increased activity profile compared to non-targeted TR3. However, cell death proceeded exclusively via a bystander mechanism and protected the mesothelin-positive targets from apoptosis rather than leading to their elimination. Incorporation of a spacer-into the mesothelin surface antigen or the cancer drug itself-converted SS-TR3 into a cis-acting phenotype. Further experiments with membrane-anchored TR3 variants and the native cytokine confirmed our hypothesis that membrane-proximal TRAIL species lack the capacity to physically engage their cognate receptors coexpressed on the same cell membrane. Our findings not only provide an explanation for the "peaceful" coexistence of ligand and receptor of a representative member of the TNF superfamily but give us vital clues for the design of activity-enhanced TR3-based cancer therapeutics.

SUBMITTER: Tatzel K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4776141 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Membrane-proximal TRAIL species are incapable of inducing short circuit apoptosis signaling: Implications for drug development and basic cytokine biology.

Tatzel Katharina K Kuroki Lindsay L Dmitriev Igor I Kashentseva Elena E Curiel David T DT Goedegebuure S Peter SP Powell Matthew A MA Mutch David G DG Hawkins William G WG Spitzer Dirk D

Scientific reports 20160303

TRAIL continues to garner substantial interest as a recombinant cancer therapeutic while the native cytokine itself serves important tumor surveillance functions when expressed in membrane-anchored form on activated immune effector cells. We have recently developed the genetically stabilized TRAIL platform TR3 in efforts to improve the limitations associated with currently available drug variants. While in the process of characterizing mesothelin-targeted TR3 variants using a single chain antibo ...[more]

PMID: 26935795

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Project description:Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been shown to be a potent inducer of apoptosis in various cancer cell lines and primary cancer cells. However, in clinical trials administration of recombinant TRAIL or TRAIL death receptor agonists did not show sufficient efficacy for treatment of tested malignant disorders compared to standard chemotherapy. Acquired resistance of cancer cells to TRAIL and to other âdeath receptorâ ligands may explain not only the inability of TRAIL and TRAIL âdeath receptorâ agonists to achieve the clearance of cancer cells in vivo but also the escape of cancer cells from immune cell â mediated killing. Selective pressure of TRAIL on TRAIL-sensitive Jurkat T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells provided several TRAIL resistant Jurkat cell line clones (TR1, TR2, TR3). We showed that acquired TRAIL resistance was associated with complex disruption of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways manifested by acquired multi-drug resistant phenotype of TR1, TR2, and TR3 clones. To identify changes associated with TRAIL resistance of Jurkat cells we performed genome-wide gene expression analysis of TRAIL-resistant clones (TR) and compared to WT Jurkat cells. We identified significantly increased expression (1.33-fold change with adjusted p < 0.05) of 73 genes in TR1 clone, 53 genes in TR2 clone and 8 genes in TR3 clone, and significant decrease in expression (0.75-fold change with adjusted p < 0.05) of 174 genes in TR1 clone, 36 genes in TR2 clone and 28 genes in TR3 clone. There was an overlap of only 2 significantly overexpressed (midkine / MDK and zinc finger and BTB domain containing 16 gene / ZBTB16 / PLZF) and 4 downregulated genes (YAP1, IGJ, EIF1AY, RPS4Y1) in all three TR clones. Total cellular RNA was isolated from biologic duplicates of untreated Jurkat cells (WT) and TRAIL resistant Jurkat cell line subclones (TR1, TR2, TR3) established by selective pressure of TRAIL 1000 ng/mL on Jurkat cells over the period of 12 weeks.

Dataset Information

Membrane-proximal TRAIL species are incapable of inducing short circuit apoptosis signaling: Implications for drug development and basic cytokine biology.

Publications

Membrane-proximal TRAIL species are incapable of inducing short circuit apoptosis signaling: Implications for drug development and basic cytokine biology.

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