Long-term use of lithium and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma: a nationwide case-control study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Lithium accumulates in the colon and inhibits the enzyme GSK-3? that possesses anti-carcinogenic effects. We therefore examined the association between lithium use and colorectal cancer risk in a nationwide study.

Methods

We used the Danish Cancer Registry to identify all patients diagnosed with incident colorectal adenocarcinoma during 2000-2012 (n=36?248). Using a matched case-control approach, we estimated the association between long-term use (?5 years) of lithium and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma using conditional logistic regression.

Results

Long-term use of lithium was similar among cases (0.22%) and controls (0.20%), yielding an odds ratio of 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89-1.43) for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Dose-response, subgroup and other subanalyses returned neutral associations. However, ORs differed for colorectal subsites (proximal colon: 1.01 (95% CI, 0.66-1.55; distal colon: 1.52 (95% CI, 1.05-2.20); and rectum: 0.80 (95% CI, 0.50-1.30).

Conclusions

Lithium use was not associated with an overall increased risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma. The variation by subsite warrants further investigation.

SUBMITTER: Pottegard A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4782204 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature