Dataset Information

Genetic diversity and population genetics of the warble flies Hypoderma bovis and H. sinense in Qinghai Province, China.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Hypoderma bovis and H. sinense (Diptera: Oestridae) mainly parasitise cattle and yaks. The two parasites are pathogenic and cause economic losses that result from reduced amounts of livestock products, including milk, meat, and skin. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of H. bovis and H. sinense have not been evaluated, but could be used to inform appropriate strategies to control these parasites. METHODS:We cloned and sequenced part of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene from 60?H. bovis isolates and 52?H. sinense isolates from five locations in Qinghai Province, China, to identify polymorphisms, and infer their phylogenetic relationships, historical population expansions, and divergence time. RESULTS:We identified 17 COI haplotypes from the H. bovis samples, and 23 COI haplotypes from the H. sinense samples. The haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.738 and 0.00202 for H. bovis, and 0.867 and 0.00300 for H. sinense, respectively, which indicates rich genetic diversity in H. bovis and H. sinense populations. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two species are monophyletic, and geographical structuring of haplotypes was significantly different in H. sinense (P?

SUBMITTER: Fu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4788880 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic diversity and population genetics of the warble flies Hypoderma bovis and H. sinense in Qinghai Province, China.

Fu Yong Y Li Wei W Duo Hong H Guo Zhi-Hong ZH Li Ying Y Zhang Yan-Ming YM

Parasites & vectors 20160312

<h4>Background</h4>Hypoderma bovis and H. sinense (Diptera: Oestridae) mainly parasitise cattle and yaks. The two parasites are pathogenic and cause economic losses that result from reduced amounts of livestock products, including milk, meat, and skin. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of H. bovis and H. sinense have not been evaluated, but could be used to inform appropriate strategies to control these parasites.<h4>Methods</h4>We cloned and sequenced part of the mitochondrial ...[more]

PMID: 26969624

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The eastern and western regions of China are different in many ways such as socioeconomic characteristics and health resource distribution. This study aimed to explore the outpatient health-seeking behavior and compare the influencing factors of residents in Zhejiang and Qinghai Province, which represent the situation in eastern and western China. Thus, this research will provide evidence for health resource allocation and health reform. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample selected from 1600 households in Zhejiang and Qinghai province between 2016 to 2017 by the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Among the 4231 residents aged 15 years or older in the sample, 566 who reported ill-health were selected for data analysis. Two-week outpatient visits and choice of health institutions were used to measure residents' outpatient health-seeking behavior and assessed using Chi-square tests. The binary logistic regression was adopted to demonstrate the association between explanatory variables and outpatient visits. RESULTS:The study revealed that out of the people who reported ill-health, 58 individuals (50.97%) in Zhejiang and 106 (41.41%) in Qinghai went to health institutions to seek medical help (p < 0.05). The difference of residents' choice of health institution between Zhejiang and Qinghai was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Among these respondents, Self-report severity was the common and significant factor related to their outpatient visits and it had a greater impact on outpatient visits in Zhejiang (4.18, CI 2.23-7.83, p < 0.05). Other factors such as chronic disease, knowledge of medicine and doctors and distance to the nearest health institution were significant influencing factors in Zhejiang, while in Qinghai it was occupation. CONCLUSIONS:The outpatient health-seeking behavior and its influencing factors among residents in Zhejiang and Qinghai province were different. The findings suggest the importance of having discrepant health policies in the two provinces. It's necessary to improve health literacy of residents in both provinces, strengthen the accessibility of health services in remote areas of Zhejiang and pay more attention to people with low socioeconomic status in Qinghai.

Project description:The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a highly endemic area of alveolar echinococcosis where a series of intermediate hosts, especially voles and pikas, are infected with Echinococcus multilocularis. The metacestodes of E. multilocularis are fluid-filled, asexually proliferating cysts, and they are mainly found in the host's liver in the form of tumor-like growths. In this study, we investigated the genetic variations of E. multilocularis in four mitochondrial (mt) genes, namely, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad5), adenosine triphosphate subunit 6 (atp6), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1). The complete nad5, atp6, cox1, and nad1 genes were amplified separately from each hydatid cyst isolate using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were then generated based on the combined mt genes using MrBayes 3.1.2 and PAUP version 4.0b10. The results showed that thirty of 102 voles and two of 49 pikas were infected with E. multilocularis. The genetic variation distances among all E. multilocularis samples were 0.1-0.4%, 0.2-0.4%, 0.1-0.6%, and 0.1-0.4% for nad5, atp6, nad1, and cox1, respectively. Compared to previous studies of the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis based on the cox1 gene, the genetic distances within the same group were 1.3-1.7% (Mongolia strain), 0.6-0.8% (North American strain), 0.3-0.6% (European strain), and 0.1-0.4% (Asian strain). Based on concatenated sequences of the nad5, atp6, cox1, and nad1 genes all haplotypes were divided into two clusters. In conclusion, the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis based on mt genes on a small local area is at low level but between different regions with long distance and different ecological environment each other, the genetic diversity is at relatively high level; genetic variation is higher in the nad1 gene than that in the other three mt genes. The results on a local scale provide basic information for further study of the molecular epidemiology, genetic differences and control of E. multilocularis in Qinghai Province, China.

Dataset Information

Genetic diversity and population genetics of the warble flies Hypoderma bovis and H. sinense in Qinghai Province, China.

Publications

Genetic diversity and population genetics of the warble flies Hypoderma bovis and H. sinense in Qinghai Province, China.

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