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Resonance Energy of an Arene Hydrocarbon from Heat of Combustion Measurements.

ABSTRACT: A simple experimental method for determination of the resonance energy by measuring the energies of combustion for two isomeric compounds, aromatic 1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene and nonaromatic trans,trans,cis-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene is proposed. Both compounds not only have the same molecular formula, but also contain the same number of sp(2) and sp(3) carbon atoms. After converting the obtained values into the gas phase heats of combustion and subtracting one value from another, the resulting mean resonance energy of 184 kJ/mol was obtained. The proposed method can be offered as an experiment for an undergraduate physical chemistry lab curriculum.

SUBMITTER: Kolesnichenko VL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4795981 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Resonance Energy of an Arene Hydrocarbon from Heat of Combustion Measurements.

Kolesnichenko Vladimir L VL

Journal of chemical education 20151008 12

A simple experimental method for determination of the resonance energy by measuring the energies of combustion for two isomeric compounds, aromatic 1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene and nonaromatic trans,trans,cis-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene is proposed. Both compounds not only have the same molecular formula, but also contain the same number of sp2 and sp3 carbon atoms. After converting the obtained values into the gas phase heats of combustion and s ...[more]

PMID: 26997668

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Project description:BackgroundPollutant particles containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed during many combustion processes (e.g. thermal remediation of hazardous wastes, diesel/gasoline combustion, wood smoke, cigarette smoke, etc.). Our previous studies demonstrated that acute exposure to EPFRs results in dendritic cell maturation and Th17-biased pulmonary immune responses. Further, in a mouse model of asthma, these responses were enhanced suggesting exposure to EPFRs as a risk factor for the development and/or exacerbation of asthma. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been shown to play a role in the differentiation of Th17 cells. In the current study, we determined whether exposure to EPFRs results in Th17 polarization in an AHR dependent manner.ResultsExposure to EPFRs resulted in Th17 and IL17A dependent pulmonary immune responses including airway neutrophilia. EPFR exposure caused a significant increase in pulmonary Th17 cytokines such as IL6, IL17A, IL22, IL1β, KC, MCP-1, IL31 and IL33. To understand the role of AHR activation in EPFR-induced Th17 inflammation, A549 epithelial cells and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were exposed to EPFRs and expression of Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1, markers for AHR activation, was measured. A significant increase in Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 gene expression was observed in pulmonary epithelial cells and BMDCs in an oxidative stress and AHR dependent manner. Further, in vivo exposure of mice to EPFRs resulted in oxidative stress and increased Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 pulmonary gene expression. To further confirm the role of AHR activation in pulmonary Th17 immune responses, mice were exposed to EPFRs in the presence or absence of AHR antagonist. EPFR exposure resulted in a significant increase in pulmonary Th17 cells and neutrophilic inflammation, whereas a significant decrease in the percentage of Th17 cells and neutrophilic inflammation was observed in mice treated with AHR antagonist.ConclusionExposure to EPFRs results in AHR activation and induction of Cyp1a1 and in vitro this is dependent on oxidative stress. Further, our in vivo studies demonstrated a role for AHR in EPFR-induced pulmonary Th17 responses including neutrophilic inflammation.

Dataset Information

Resonance Energy of an Arene Hydrocarbon from Heat of Combustion Measurements.

Publications

Resonance Energy of an Arene Hydrocarbon from Heat of Combustion Measurements.

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