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FTO genotype and weight loss in diet and lifestyle interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Studies have suggested that the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype is associated with individual variability in weight loss in response to diet/lifestyle interventions, but results are inconsistent.We aimed to provide a summary of the literature evaluating the relation between the FTO genotype and weight loss in response to diet/lifestyle interventions.A search of English-language articles in the PubMed and Embase databases (through 30 April 2015) was performed. Eligible studies were diet/lifestyle weight-loss intervention studies conducted in adults that reported changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI) by the FTO variant rs9939609 (or its proxy). Differences in weight loss between FTO genotypes across studies were pooled with the use of fixed-effect models.A meta-analysis of 10 studies (comprising 6951 participants) that reported the results of additive genetic models showed that individuals with the FTO TA genotype and AA genotype (those with the obesity-predisposing A allele) had 0.18-kg (95% CI: -0.09-, 0.45-kg;P= 0.19; NS) and 0.44-kg (95% CI: 0.09-, 0.79-kg;P= 0.015) greater weight loss, respectively, than those with the TT genotype. A meta-analysis of 14 studies (comprising 7700 participants) that reported the results of dominant genetic models indicated a 0.20-kg (-0.43-, 0.04-kg) greater weight loss in the TA/AA genotype than in the TT genotype (P= 0.10). In addition, differences in weight loss between the AA genotype and TT genotype were significant in studies with a diet intervention only, adjustment for baseline BMI or body weight, and several other subgroups. However, the relatively small number of studies limited these stratified analyses, and there was no statistically significant difference between subgroups.This meta-analysis suggests that individuals carrying the homozygous FTO obesity-predisposing allele may lose more weight through diet/lifestyle interventions than noncarriers. Our data provide evidence for genetic variability in response to diet/lifestyle interventions on weight loss, although clinical applications of these findings need further investigations.

SUBMITTER: Xiang L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4807705 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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FTO genotype and weight loss in diet and lifestyle interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xiang Lingwei L Wu Hongyu H Pan An A Patel Bhakti B Xiang Guangda G Qi Lu L Kaplan Robert C RC Hu Frank F Wylie-Rosett Judith J Qi Qibin Q

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20160217 4

<h4>Background</h4>Studies have suggested that the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype is associated with individual variability in weight loss in response to diet/lifestyle interventions, but results are inconsistent.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to provide a summary of the literature evaluating the relation between the FTO genotype and weight loss in response to diet/lifestyle interventions.<h4>Design</h4>A search of English-language articles in the PubMed and Embase databases (through ...[more]

PMID: 26888713

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Project description:BackgroundOver the past decades, there has been an increase in overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age, as well as the general population. Overweight and obesity are related to a later, increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Increasing weight between pregnancies has a negative impact on the development of the fetus in a subsequent pregnancy. It is also related to long-term obesity and overweight for the woman. Accordingly, weight control in women of the childbearing age is important for both women and their offspring. Information and communication technology (ICT) has become an integrated part of many peoples' lives, and it has the potential to prevent disease. In this systematic review, we summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials to compare effects of different ICT-based interventions to support postpartum women to achieve weight loss.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane, searching on terms, such as postpartum, weight loss, telemedicine, and randomized controlled trials. Two independent researchers undertook study selection and data extraction. Results were reported narratively. The systematic review only included studies that were randomized controlled trials.ResultsEight studies were included in the systematic review. All of them were characterized by applying one or more ICT components to assist postpartum women in weight control, and had weight loss as an outcome measure. A significant difference was found in weight loss between control group and intervention group in the majority of the studies. However, five of the studies had a relatively short follow-up period (40 days to 16 weeks), six of the studies had a relatively small sample size (18 to 66 women), and half of the studies indicated challenges with adherence to the interventions over time.ConclusionICT-based interventions can support postpartum women to achieve a healthy lifestyle and weight control. Future studies should focus on larger sample sizes, longer follow-up periods, and adherence to the interventions.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42018080731.

Project description:OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the FTO genotype on weight loss after dietary, physical activity, or drug based interventions in randomised controlled trials. DESIGN: Systematic review and random effects meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES: Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane from inception to November 2015. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR STUDY SELECTION: Randomised controlled trials in overweight or obese adults reporting reduction in body mass index, body weight, or waist circumference by FTO genotype (rs9939609 or a proxy) after dietary, physical activity, or drug based interventions. Gene by treatment interaction models were fitted to individual participant data from all studies included in this review, using allele dose coding for genetic effects and a common set of covariates. Study level interactions were combined using random effect models. Metaregression and subgroup analysis were used to assess sources of study heterogeneity. RESULTS: We identified eight eligible randomised controlled trials for the systematic review and meta-analysis (n=9563). Overall, differential changes in body mass index, body weight, and waist circumference in response to weight loss intervention were not significantly different between FTO genotypes. Sensitivity analyses indicated that differential changes in body mass index, body weight, and waist circumference by FTO genotype did not differ by intervention type, intervention length, ethnicity, sample size, sex, and baseline body mass index and age category. CONCLUSIONS: We have observed that carriage of the FTO minor allele was not associated with differential change in adiposity after weight loss interventions. These findings show that individuals carrying the minor allele respond equally well to dietary, physical activity, or drug based weight loss interventions and thus genetic predisposition to obesity associated with the FTO minor allele can be at least partly counteracted through such interventions. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42015015969.

Project description:BackgroundPasifika populations experience high incidence and prevalence of obesity and T2DM. However, no international review of lifestyle intervention studies amongst Pasifika communities exists. This study seeks to identify the effect and translatability of lifestyle strategies on weight amongst Pasifika populations.MethodsLifestyle studies involving ≥90% adult Pasifika participants measuring weight change were eligible for inclusion. Database searching was carried out up to December 2021. Databases searched were MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost) and ProQuest Central. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 (RCTs) and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) quality assessment tool. Meta-analysis and meta-regression used a bivariate random-effects model. Strategies were coded against pre-identified components of the newly proposed Cultural and Sustainability Assessment of Intervention (CSAI) framework.FindingsTwenty-three studies (n = 4258 participants) met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-two lifestyle strategies targeting weight loss (WL) and 7 targeting weight maintenance (WM) were extracted. Meta-analysis estimates small but significant effect of -0.26 standard deviations (95% CI -0.51 to -0.02), with RCTs demonstrating a non-significant effect of -0.23 standard deviations (95% CI -0.49 to 0.035). Culturally relevant strategies included community and peer support facilitators and team-based activities. The CSAI identified 14 out of 23 studies with low cultural competency and sustainability scores (<60%).InterpretationQualitative and quantitative analysis show tailored lifestyle interventions has had an estimated small but beneficial effect on WL amongst Pasifika communities. Potential for tailored interventions design to incorporate psychosocial and behavioural considerations. The CSAI has the potential for systematically identifying cultural and sustainability components of efficacy in interventions.FundingThis review was funded under Western Sydney University's Postgraduate Research Scholarship.

Project description:BackgroundObesity is a highly prevalent condition with important health implications. Face-to-face interventions to treat obesity demand a large number of human resources and time, generating a great burden to individuals and health system. In this context, the internet is an attractive tool for delivering weight loss programs due to anonymity, 24-hour-accessibility, scalability, and reachability associated with Web-based programs.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Web-based digital health interventions, excluding hybrid interventions and non-Web-based technologies such as text messaging, short message service, in comparison to nontechnology active or inactive (wait list) interventions on weight loss and lifestyle habit changes in individuals with overweight and obesity.MethodsWe searched PubMed or Medline, SciELO, Lilacs, PsychNet, and Web of Science up to July 2018, as well as references of previous reviews for randomized trials that compared Web-based digital health interventions to offline interventions. Anthropometric changes such as weight, body mass index (BMI), waist, and body fat and lifestyle habit changes in adults with overweight and obesity were the outcomes of interest. Random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed for mean differences (MDs) in weight. We rated the risk of bias for each study and the quality of evidence across studies using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.ResultsAmong the 4071 articles retrieved, 11 were included. Weight (MD -0.77 kg, 95% CI -2.16 to 0.62; 1497 participants; moderate certainty evidence) and BMI (MD -0.12 kg/m2; 95% CI -0.64 to 0.41; 1244 participants; moderate certainty evidence) changes were not different between Web-based and offline interventions. Compared to offline interventions, digital interventions led to a greater short-term (<6 months follow-up) weight loss (MD -2.13 kg, 95% CI -2.71 to -1.55; 393 participants; high certainty evidence), but not in the long-term (MD -0.17 kg, 95% CI -2.10 to 1.76; 1104 participants; moderate certainty evidence). Meta-analysis was not possible for lifestyle habit changes. High risk of attrition bias was identified in 5 studies. For weight and BMI outcomes, the certainty of evidence was moderate mainly due to high heterogeneity, which was mainly attributable to control group differences across studies (R2=79%).ConclusionsWeb-based digital interventions led to greater short-term but not long-term weight loss than offline interventions in overweight and obese adults. Heterogeneity was high across studies, and high attrition rates suggested that engagement is a major issue in Web-based interventions.

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FTO genotype and weight loss in diet and lifestyle interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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FTO genotype and weight loss in diet and lifestyle interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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