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Intestinal microbiota sustains inflammation and autoimmunity induced by hypomorphic RAG defects.

ABSTRACT: Omenn syndrome (OS) is caused by hypomorphic Rag mutations and characterized by a profound immunodeficiency associated with autoimmune-like manifestations. Both in humans and mice, OS is mediated by oligoclonal activated T and B cells. The role of microbial signals in disease pathogenesis is debated. Here, we show that Rag2(R229Q) knock-in mice developed an inflammatory bowel disease affecting both the small bowel and colon. Lymphocytes were sufficient for disease induction, as intestinal CD4 T cells with a Th1/Th17 phenotype reproduced the pathological picture when transplanted into immunocompromised hosts. Moreover, oral tolerance was impaired in Rag2(R229Q) mice, and transfer of wild-type (WT) regulatory T cells ameliorated bowel inflammation. Mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency in the gut resulted in enhanced absorption of microbial products and altered composition of commensal communities. The Rag2(R229Q) microbiota further contributed to the immunopathology because its transplant into WT recipients promoted Th1/Th17 immune response. Consistently, long-term dosing of broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABXs) in Rag2(R229Q) mice ameliorated intestinal and systemic autoimmunity by diminishing the frequency of mucosal and circulating gut-tropic CCR9(+) Th1 and Th17 T cells. Remarkably, serum hyper-IgE, a hallmark of the disease, was also normalized by ABX treatment. These results indicate that intestinal microbes may play a critical role in the distinctive immune dysregulation of OS.

SUBMITTER: Rigoni R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4813669 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Intestinal microbiota sustains inflammation and autoimmunity induced by hypomorphic RAG defects.

Rigoni Rosita R Fontana Elena E Guglielmetti Simone S Fosso Bruno B D'Erchia Anna Maria AM Maina Virginia V Taverniti Valentina V Castiello Maria Carmina MC Mantero Stefano S Pacchiana Giovanni G Musio Silvia S Pedotti Rosetta R Selmi Carlo C Mora J Rodrigo JR Pesole Graziano G Vezzoni Paolo P Poliani Pietro Luigi PL Grassi Fabio F Villa Anna A Cassani Barbara B

The Journal of experimental medicine 20160229 3

Omenn syndrome (OS) is caused by hypomorphic Rag mutations and characterized by a profound immunodeficiency associated with autoimmune-like manifestations. Both in humans and mice, OS is mediated by oligoclonal activated T and B cells. The role of microbial signals in disease pathogenesis is debated. Here, we show that Rag2(R229Q) knock-in mice developed an inflammatory bowel disease affecting both the small bowel and colon. Lymphocytes were sufficient for disease induction, as intestinal CD4 T ...[more]

PMID: 26926994

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Intestinal microbiota sustains inflammation and autoimmunity induced by hypomorphic RAG defects.

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Intestinal microbiota sustains inflammation and autoimmunity induced by hypomorphic RAG defects.

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