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A Novel Triculture System (CC3) for Simultaneous Enzyme Production and Hydrolysis of Common Grasses through Submerged Fermentation.

ABSTRACT: The perennial grasses are considered as a rich source of lignocellulosic biomass, making it a second generation alternative energy source and can diminish the use of fossil fuels. In this work, four perennial grasses Saccharum arundinaceum, Panicum antidotale, Thysanolaena latifolia, and Neyraudia reynaudiana were selected to verify their potential as a substrate to produce hydrolytic enzymes and to evaluate them as second generation energy biomass. Here, cellulase and hemi-cellulase producing three endophytic bacteria (Burkholderia cepacia BPS-GB3, Alcaligenes faecalis BPS-GB5 and Enterobacter hormaechei BPS-GB8) recovered from N. reynaudiana and S. arundinaceum were selected to develop a triculture (CC3) consortium. During 12 days of submerged cultivation, a 55-70% loss in dry weight was observed and the maximum activity of ?-glucosidase (5.36-12.34 IU) and Xylanase (4.33 to 10.91 IU) were observed on 2nd and 6th day respectively, whereas FPase (0.26 to 0.53 IU) and CMCase (2.31 to 4.65 IU) showed maximum activity on 4th day. Around 15-30% more enzyme activity was produced in CC3 as compared to monoculture (CC1) and coculture (CC2) treatments, suggested synergetic interaction among the selected three bacterial strains. Further, the biomass was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR analysis provides important insights into the reduction of cellulose and hemicellulose moieties in CC3 treated biomass and SEM studies shed light into the disruption of surface structure leading to access of cellulose or hemicelluloses microtubules. The hydrolytic potential of the CC3 system was further enhanced due to reduction in lignin as evidenced by 1-4% lignin reduction in biomass compositional analysis. Additionally, laccase gene was detected from A. faecalis and E. hormaechei which further shows the laccase production potential of the isolates. To our knowledge, first time we develop an effective endophytic endogenous bacterial triculture system having potential for the production of extracellular enzymes utilizing S. arundinaceum and N. reynaudiana as lignocellulosic feedstock.

SUBMITTER: Leo VV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4815437 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Novel Triculture System (CC3) for Simultaneous Enzyme Production and Hydrolysis of Common Grasses through Submerged Fermentation.

Leo Vincent V VV Passari Ajit K AK Joshi J Beslin JB Mishra Vineet K VK Uthandi Sivakumar S Ramesh N N Gupta Vijai K VK Saikia Ratul R Sonawane Vijay C VC Singh Bhim P BP

Frontiers in microbiology 20160331

The perennial grasses are considered as a rich source of lignocellulosic biomass, making it a second generation alternative energy source and can diminish the use of fossil fuels. In this work, four perennial grasses Saccharum arundinaceum, Panicum antidotale, Thysanolaena latifolia, and Neyraudia reynaudiana were selected to verify their potential as a substrate to produce hydrolytic enzymes and to evaluate them as second generation energy biomass. Here, cellulase and hemi-cellulase producing t ...[more]

PMID: 27065995

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Project description:Diosgenin is used widely to synthesize steroidal hormone drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. The conventional diosgenin production process, direct acid hydrolysis of the root of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright (DZW), causes large amounts of wastewater and severe environmental pollution. To develop a clean and effective method, the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. CPCC 400226 was screened for the first time for the microbial biotransformation of DZW in submerged fermentation (SmF). Statistical design and response surface methodology (RSM) were implemented to develop the diosgenin production process using the Fusarium strains. The environmental variables that significantly affected diosgenin yield were determined by the two-level Plackett-Burman design (PBD) with nine factors. PBD indicates that the fermentation period, culture temperature, and antifoam reagent addition are the most influential variables. These three variables were further optimized using the response surface design (RSD). A quadratic model was then built by the central composite design (CCD) to study the impact of interaction and quadratic effect on diosgenin yield. The values of the coefficient of determination for the PBD and CCD models were all over 0.95. P-values for both models were 0.0024 and <0.001, with F-values of ∼414 and ∼2215, respectively. The predicted results showed that a maximum diosgenin yield of 2.22% could be obtained with a fermentation period of 11.89 days, a culture temperature of 30.17 °C, and an antifoam reagent addition of 0.20%. The experimental value was 2.24%, which was in great agreement with predicted value. As a result, over 80% of the steroidal saponins in DZW were converted into diosgenin, presenting a ∼3-fold increase in diosgenin yield. For the first time, we report the SmF of a Fusarium strain used to produce diosgenin through the microbial biotransformation of DZW. A practical diosgenin production process was established for the first time for Fusarium strains. This bioprocess is acid-free and wastewater-free, providing a promising environmentally friendly alternative to diosgenin production in industrial applications. The information provided in the current study may be applicable to produce diosgenin in SmF by other endophytic fungi and lays a solid foundation for endophytic fungi to produce natural products.

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Dataset Information

A Novel Triculture System (CC3) for Simultaneous Enzyme Production and Hydrolysis of Common Grasses through Submerged Fermentation.

Publications

A Novel Triculture System (CC3) for Simultaneous Enzyme Production and Hydrolysis of Common Grasses through Submerged Fermentation.

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