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Sirt1 is involved in decreased bone formation in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

ABSTRACT: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in the transport and metabolism of lipids. Recent studies show that bone mass is increased in young apoE(-/-) mice. In this study we investigated the bone phenotype and metabolism in aged apoE(-/-) mice.Femurs and tibias were collected from 18- and 72-week-old apoE(-/-) mice and their age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates, and examined using micro-CT and histological analysis. Serum levels of total cholesterol, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and bone turnover markers were measured. Cultured bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from tibias and femurs of 18-week-old apoE(-/-) mice were used in experiments in vitro. The expression levels of Sirt1 and Runx2 in bone tissue and BMSCs were measured using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.Compared with age-matched WT littermates, young apoE(-/-) mice exhibited high bone mass with increased bone formation, accompanied by higher serum levels of bone turnover markers OCN and TRAP5b, and higher expression levels of Sirt1, Runx2, ALP and OCN in bone tissue. In contrast, aged apoE(-/-) mice showed reduced bone formation and lower bone mass relative to age-matched WT mice, accompanied by lower serum OCN levels, and markedly reduced expression levels of Sirt1, Runx2, ALP and OCN in bone tissue. After BMSCs were exposed to ox-LDL (20 ?g/mL), the expression of Sirt1 and Runx2 proteins was significantly increased at 12 h, and then decreased at 72 h. Treatment with the Sirt1 inhibitor EX527 (10 ?mol/L) suppressed the expression of Runx2, ALP and OCN in BMSCs.In contrast to young apoE(-/-) mice, aged apoE(-/-) mice showe lower bone mass than age-matched WT mice. Long-lasting exposure to ox-LDL decreases the expression of Sirt1 and Runx2 in BMSCs, which may explain the decreased bone formation in aged apoE(-/-) mice.

SUBMITTER: Hong W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4816239 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sirt1 is involved in decreased bone formation in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Hong Wei W Xu Xiao-ya XY Qiu Zhao-hui ZH Gao Jian-jun JJ Wei Zhan-ying ZY Zhen Li L Zhang Xiao-li XL Ye Zhi-bing ZB

Acta pharmacologica Sinica 20151123 12

<h4>Aim</h4>Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in the transport and metabolism of lipids. Recent studies show that bone mass is increased in young apoE(-/-) mice. In this study we investigated the bone phenotype and metabolism in aged apoE(-/-) mice.<h4>Methods</h4>Femurs and tibias were collected from 18- and 72-week-old apoE(-/-) mice and their age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates, and examined using micro-CT and histological analysis. Serum levels of total cholesterol, oxidized ...[more]

PMID: 26592520

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Project description:BackgroundStatins are the most widely used drugs in elderly patients; the most common clinical application of statins is in aged hyperlipemia patients. There are few studies on the effects and mechanisms of statins on bone in elderly mice with hyperlipemia. The study is to examine the effects of atorvastatin on bone phenotypes and metabolism in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice, and the possible mechanisms involved in these changes.MethodsTwenty-four 60-week-old apoE-/- mice were randomly allocated to two groups. Twelve mice were orally gavaged with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg body weight/day) for 12 weeks; the others served as the control group. Bone mass and skeletal microarchitecture were determined using micro-CT. Bone metabolism was assessed by serum analyses, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from apoE-/- mice were differentiated into osteoblasts and treated with atorvastatin and silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) inhibitor EX-527.ResultsThe results showed that long-term administration of atorvastatin increases bone mass and improves bone microarchitecture in trabecular bone but not in cortical bone. Furthermore, the serum bone formation marker osteocalcin (OCN) was ameliorated by atorvastatin, whereas the bone resorption marker tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (Trap5b) did not appear obviously changes after the treatment of atorvastatin. The mRNA expression of Sirt1, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and OCN in bone tissue were increased after atorvastatin administration. Western blot showed same trend in Sirt1 and Runx2. The in vitro study showed that when BMSCs from apoE-/- mice were pretreated with EX527, the higher expression of Runx2, ALP, and OCN activated by atorvastatin decreased significantly or showed no difference compared with the control. The protein expression of Runx2 showed same trend.ConclusionsAccordingly, the current study validates the hypothesis that atorvastatin can increase bone mass and promote osteogenesis in aged apoE-/- mice by regulating the Sirt1-Runx2 axis.

Project description:microRNA-155 (miR155) plays a critical role in immunity and macrophage inflammation. We aim to investigate the role of miR155 in atherogenesis.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that miR155 was expressed in mouse and human atherosclerotic lesions. miR155 expression in macrophages was correlated positively with proinflammatory cytokine expression. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of miR155 in macrophages enhanced their inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide through targeting suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 and impaired cholesterol efflux from acetylated low-density lipoprotein-loaded macrophages, whereas deficiency of miR155 blunted macrophage inflammatory responses and enhanced cholesterol efflux possibly via enhancing lipid loading-induced macrophage autophagy. We next examined the atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) and miR155(-/-)/apoE(-/-) (double knockout) mice fed a Western diet. Compared with apoE(-/-) mice, the double knockout mice developed less atherosclerosis lesion in aortic root, with reduced neutral lipid content and macrophages. Flow cytometric analysis showed that there were increased number of regulatory T cells and reduced numbers of Th17 cells and CD11b+/Ly6C(high) cells in the spleen of double knockout mice. Peritoneal macrophages from the double knockout mice had significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression and secretion both in the absence and presence of lipopolysaccharide stimulation. To determine whether miR155 in leukocytes contributes to atherosclerosis, we performed a bone marrow transplantation study. Deficiency of miR155 in bone marrow-derived cells suppressed atherogenesis in apoE(-/-) mice, demonstrating that hematopoietic cell-derived miR155 plays a critical role.miR155 deficiency attenuates atherogenesis in apoE(-/-) mice by reducing inflammatory responses of macrophages, enhancing macrophage cholesterol efflux and resulting in an antiatherogenic leukocyte profile. Targeting miR155 may be a promising strategy to halt atherogenesis.

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Sirt1 is involved in decreased bone formation in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

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Sirt1 is involved in decreased bone formation in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

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