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Population Density, Poor Sanitation, and Enteric Infections in Nueva Santa Rosa, Guatemala.


ABSTRACT: Poor sanitation could pose greater risk for enteric pathogen transmission at higher human population densities because of greater potential for pathogens to infect new hosts through environmentally mediated and person-to-person transmission. We hypothesized that incidence and prevalence of diarrhea, enteric protozoans, and soil-transmitted helminth infections would be higher in high-population-density areas compared with low-population-density areas, and that poor sanitation would pose greater risk for these enteric infections at high density compared with low density. We tested our hypotheses using 6 years of clinic-based diarrhea surveillance (2007-2013) including 4,360 geolocated diarrhea cases tested for 13 pathogens and a 2010 cross-sectional survey that measured environmental exposures from 204 households (920 people) and tested 701 stool specimens for enteric parasites. We found that population density was not a key determinant of enteric infection nor a strong effect modifier of risk posed by poor household sanitation in this setting.

SUBMITTER: Jarquin C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4824239 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Population Density, Poor Sanitation, and Enteric Infections in Nueva Santa Rosa, Guatemala.

Jarquin Claudia C   Arnold Benjamin F BF   Muñoz Fredy F   Lopez Beatriz B   Cuéllar Victoria M VM   Thornton Andrew A   Patel Jaymin J   Reyes Lisette L   Roy Sharon L SL   Bryan Joe P JP   McCracken John P JP   Colford John M JM  

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20160208 4


Poor sanitation could pose greater risk for enteric pathogen transmission at higher human population densities because of greater potential for pathogens to infect new hosts through environmentally mediated and person-to-person transmission. We hypothesized that incidence and prevalence of diarrhea, enteric protozoans, and soil-transmitted helminth infections would be higher in high-population-density areas compared with low-population-density areas, and that poor sanitation would pose greater r  ...[more]

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