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Who directs group movement? Leader effort versus follower preference in stickleback fish of different personality.

ABSTRACT: During collective movement, bolder individuals often emerge as leaders. Here, we investigate whether this reflects a greater propensity of bold individuals to initiate movement, or a preference for shy individuals to follow a bolder leader. We set up trios of stickleback fish comprising a focal individual who was either bold or shy, and one other individual of each personality. We then recorded the movements of all individuals in and out of cover in a foraging context to determine how assiduously the focal fish followed the movements of each other partner. We found that a shy focal fish preferred to follow a leader whose personality matched its own, but we did not detect such a difference in bold fish. Despite this preference, however, the greater propensity of bold individuals to initiate movements out of cover meant that they successfully led more joint trips. Thus, when offered a choice of leaders, sticklebacks prefer to follow individuals whose personality matches their own, but bolder individuals may, nevertheless, be able to impose their leadership, even among shy followers, simply through greater effort.

SUBMITTER: Nakayama S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4892248 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Who directs group movement? Leader effort versus follower preference in stickleback fish of different personality.

Nakayama Shinnosuke S Harcourt Jennifer L JL Johnstone Rufus A RA Manica Andrea A

Biology letters 20160501 5

During collective movement, bolder individuals often emerge as leaders. Here, we investigate whether this reflects a greater propensity of bold individuals to initiate movement, or a preference for shy individuals to follow a bolder leader. We set up trios of stickleback fish comprising a focal individual who was either bold or shy, and one other individual of each personality. We then recorded the movements of all individuals in and out of cover in a foraging context to determine how assiduousl ...[more]

PMID: 27194292

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Project description:Cells of epithelial tissue proliferate and pack together to attain an eventual density homeostasis. As the cell density increases, spatial distribution of velocity and force show striking similarity to the dynamic heterogeneity observed elsewhere in dense granular matter. While the physical nature of this heterogeneity is somewhat known in the epithelial cell monolayer, its biological relevance and precise connection to cell density remain elusive. Relevantly, we had demonstrated how large-scale dynamic heterogeneity in the monolayer stress field in the bulk could critically influence the emergence of leader cells at the wound margin during wound closure, but did not connect the observation to the corresponding cell density. In fact, numerous previous reports had essentially associated long-range force and velocity correlation with either cell density or dynamic heterogeneity, without any generalization. Here, we attempted to unify these two parameters under a single framework and explored their consequence on the dynamics of leader cells, which eventually affected the efficacy of collective migration and wound closure. To this end, we first quantified the dynamic heterogeneity by the peak height of four-point susceptibility. Remarkably, this quantity showed a linear relationship with cell density over many experimental samples. We then varied the heterogeneity, by changing cell density, and found this change altered the number of leader cells at the wound margin. At low heterogeneity, wound closure was slower, with decreased persistence, reduced coordination and disruptive leader-follower interactions. Finally, microscopic characterization of cell-substrate adhesions illustrated how heterogeneity influenced orientations of focal adhesions, affecting coordinated cell movements. Together, these results demonstrate the importance of dynamic heterogeneity in epithelial wound healing. This article is part of the theme issue 'Multi-scale analysis and modelling of collective migration in biological systems'.

Dataset Information

Who directs group movement? Leader effort versus follower preference in stickleback fish of different personality.

Publications

Who directs group movement? Leader effort versus follower preference in stickleback fish of different personality.

Similar Datasets

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