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Bound to the group and blinded by the leader: ideological leader-follower dynamics in a trust economic game.

ABSTRACT: Understanding the dynamics of trustworthiness in ideological contexts could influence human societies, affect electoral campaigns and ultimately impact democracy. We tested trust behaviour towards political leaders in a sample of 121 opposing/supporting voters assigned as trustors in an iterative trust game (TG). In two experiments, a famous Italian conservative leader (i.e. Silvio Berlusconi) or a famous non-politician were used as trustees in a predefined un/trustworthy TG, while trustors believed that mathematical algorithms reproduced trustee's real behaviour. Results revealed that depending on the group, voters either relied on the situation and adjusted to the behaviour of the out-group leader (in our case left-wing voters), or on their disposition for group-loyalty with respect for authority, thus failing to adjust to the behaviour of the in-group leader (in our case right-wing voters). Our findings suggest that: (i) complex voter-leader relations in politics are reflected in the simple trustor-trustee financial interactions from behavioural economics, and (ii) being bound to one's group and one's leader may affect the trust economic decisions of the followers.

SUBMITTER: Gjoneska B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6774964 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bound to the group and blinded by the leader: ideological leader-follower dynamics in a trust economic game.

Gjoneska Biljana B Liuzza Marco Tullio MT Porciello Giuseppina G Caprara Gian Vittorio GV Aglioti Salvatore M SM

Royal Society open science 20190925 9

Understanding the dynamics of trustworthiness in ideological contexts could influence human societies, affect electoral campaigns and ultimately impact democracy. We tested trust behaviour towards political leaders in a sample of 121 opposing/supporting voters assigned as trustors in an iterative trust game (TG). In two experiments, a famous Italian conservative leader (i.e. Silvio Berlusconi) or a famous non-politician were used as trustees in a predefined un/trustworthy TG, while trustors beli ...[more]

PMID: 31598272

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Project description:Cells of epithelial tissue proliferate and pack together to attain an eventual density homeostasis. As the cell density increases, spatial distribution of velocity and force show striking similarity to the dynamic heterogeneity observed elsewhere in dense granular matter. While the physical nature of this heterogeneity is somewhat known in the epithelial cell monolayer, its biological relevance and precise connection to cell density remain elusive. Relevantly, we had demonstrated how large-scale dynamic heterogeneity in the monolayer stress field in the bulk could critically influence the emergence of leader cells at the wound margin during wound closure, but did not connect the observation to the corresponding cell density. In fact, numerous previous reports had essentially associated long-range force and velocity correlation with either cell density or dynamic heterogeneity, without any generalization. Here, we attempted to unify these two parameters under a single framework and explored their consequence on the dynamics of leader cells, which eventually affected the efficacy of collective migration and wound closure. To this end, we first quantified the dynamic heterogeneity by the peak height of four-point susceptibility. Remarkably, this quantity showed a linear relationship with cell density over many experimental samples. We then varied the heterogeneity, by changing cell density, and found this change altered the number of leader cells at the wound margin. At low heterogeneity, wound closure was slower, with decreased persistence, reduced coordination and disruptive leader-follower interactions. Finally, microscopic characterization of cell-substrate adhesions illustrated how heterogeneity influenced orientations of focal adhesions, affecting coordinated cell movements. Together, these results demonstrate the importance of dynamic heterogeneity in epithelial wound healing. This article is part of the theme issue 'Multi-scale analysis and modelling of collective migration in biological systems'.

Dataset Information

Bound to the group and blinded by the leader: ideological leader-follower dynamics in a trust economic game.

Publications

Bound to the group and blinded by the leader: ideological leader-follower dynamics in a trust economic game.

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