Dataset Information

Extremes of eating are associated with reduced neural taste discrimination.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology. Understanding how neuronal function affects food choices could help personalize treatment based on brain function. Here we wanted to determine whether disordered eating behavior is associated with alterations in the primary taste cortex's ability to classify taste stimuli, which could interfere with taste reward processing. METHOD:One-hundred and six women, 27 healthy comparison (age 26.15?±?6.95 years), 21 with restricting-type anorexia nervosa (AN; age 23.10?±?6.14 years), 19 recovered from restricting-type AN (recovered AN; age 26.95?±?5.31 years), 20 with bulimia nervosa (BN; age 25.15?±?5.31 years), and 19 with obesity (age 28.16?± 8.13 years), received sucrose, control solution or no taste stimulation during functional magnetic resonance brain imaging. Multivariate Bayesian pattern analysis (decoding) and cross-validation tested taste classification accuracy (adjusted for comorbidity, medication use, taste perception, interoception, and brain activation volume). RESULTS:For sucrose versus control solution, classification accuracy differed (F?=?2.53, P?

SUBMITTER: Frank GK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4900931 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Extremes of eating are associated with reduced neural taste discrimination.

Frank Guido K W GK Shott Megan E ME Keffler Carrie C Cornier Marc-Andre MA

The International journal of eating disorders 20160416 6

<h4>Objective</h4>Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology. Understanding how neuronal function affects food choices could help personalize treatment based on brain function. Here we wanted to determine whether disordered eating behavior is associated with alterations in the primary taste cortex's ability to classify taste stimuli, which could interfere with taste reward processing.<h4>Method</h4>One-hundred and six women, 27 healthy comparison (age 26.15 ± 6.95 year ...[more]

PMID: 27083785

Similar Datasets

Project description:Associative learning plays an important role in the development of anxiety disorders, but a thorough understanding of the variables that impact such learning is still lacking. We investigated whether individual differences in autobiographical memory specificity are related to discrimination learning and generalization. In an associative learning task, participants learned the association between two pictures of female faces and a non-aversive outcome. Subsequently, six morphed pictures functioning as generalization stimuli (GSs) were introduced. In a sample of healthy participants (Study 1), we did not find evidence for differences in discrimination learning as a function of memory specificity. In a sample of anxiety disorder patients (Study 2), individuals who were characterized by low memory specificity showed deficient discrimination learning relative to high specific individuals. In contrast to previous findings, results revealed no effect of memory specificity on generalization. These results indicate that impaired discrimination learning, previously shown in patients suffering from an anxiety disorder, may be-in part-due to limited memory specificity. Together, these studies emphasize the importance of incorporating cognitive variables in associative learning theories and their implications for the development of anxiety disorders. In addition, re-analyses of the data (Study 3) showed that patients suffering from panic disorder showed higher outcome expectancies in the presence of the stimulus that was never followed by an outcome during discrimination training, relative to patients suffering from other anxiety disorders and healthy participants. Because we used a neutral, non-aversive outcome (i.e., drawing of a lightning bolt), these data suggest that learning abnormalities in panic disorder may not be restricted to fear learning, but rather reflect a more general associative learning deficit that also manifests in fear irrelevant contexts.

Dataset Information

Extremes of eating are associated with reduced neural taste discrimination.

Publications

Extremes of eating are associated with reduced neural taste discrimination.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets