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Expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity.

ABSTRACT: Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines identified in vertebrates and evolutionary dominance of intronless IFN genes in amniotes is a signature event in IFN evolution. For the first time, we show that the emergence and expansion of intronless IFN genes is evident in amphibians, shown by 24-37 intronless IFN genes in each frog species. Amphibian IFNs represent a molecular complex more complicated than those in other vertebrate species, which revises the established model of IFN evolution to facilitate re-inspection of IFN molecular and functional diversity. We identified these intronless amphibian IFNs and their intron-containing progenitors, and functionally characterized constitutive and inductive expression and antimicrobial roles in infections caused by zoonotic pathogens, such as influenza viruses and Listeria monocytogenes. Amphibians, therefore, may serve as overlooked vectors/hosts for zoonotic pathogens, and the amphibian IFN system provides a model to study IFN evolution in molecular and functional diversity in coping with dramatic environmental changes during terrestrial adaption.

SUBMITTER: Sang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4928184 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity.

Sang Yongming Y Liu Qinfang Q Lee Jinhwa J Ma Wenjun W McVey D Scott DS Blecha Frank F

Scientific reports 20160630

Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines identified in vertebrates and evolutionary dominance of intronless IFN genes in amniotes is a signature event in IFN evolution. For the first time, we show that the emergence and expansion of intronless IFN genes is evident in amphibians, shown by 24-37 intronless IFN genes in each frog species. Amphibian IFNs represent a molecular complex more complicated than those in other vertebrate species, which revises the established model of IFN evolution to facilita ...[more]

PMID: 27356970

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Project description:Given the central role fertilization plays in the health and fit-ness of sexually reproducing organisms and the well-known evo-lutionary consequences of sexual selection and sperm compe-tition, knowledge gained by a deeper understanding of sperm(and associated reproductive tissues) proteomes has proven crit-5ical to the field’s advancement. Due to their extraordinary complexity, proteome depth-of-coverage is dependent on advance-ments in technology and related bioinformatics, both of which have made significant advancements in the decade since the last Drosophilasperm proteome was published. Here we provide an updated version of the Drosophila melanogastersperm proteome (DmSP3) using improved separation and detection methods andan updated genome annotation. We identified 2563 proteins,with label-free quantitation (LFQ) for 2125 proteins. Combined with previous versions of the sperm proteome, the DmSP3 contains a total of 3176 proteins. The top 20 most abundant pro-teins contained the structural elements α- and β-tubulins and sperm leucyl-aminopeptidases (S-Laps). Both gene content and protein abundance were significantly reduced on the X chromosome, a finding consistent with prior genomic studies of the X chromosome gene content and evolution. We identified 9 of the 16 Y-linked proteins, including known testis-specific male fertility factors. LFQ measured significant levels for 75/83 ribosomal proteins (RPs) we identified, including a number of core constituents. The role of this unique subset of RPs in sperm is unknown. Surprisingly, our expanded sperm proteome also identified 122 seminal fluid proteins (Sfps), proteins found predominantly in the accessory glands. The possibility of tissue contamination from seminal vesicle or other reproductive tissues was addressed using concentrated salt and detergent treatments. Salt treatment had little effect on sperm proteome composition suggesting only minor contamination during sperm isolation while a significant fraction of Sfps remained associate dwith sperm following detergent treatment suggesting Sfps may arise within, and have additional functions in sperm per se.

Dataset Information

Expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity.

Publications

Expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity.

Similar Datasets

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