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Eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material caused by Mannheimia granulomatis in a calf.

ABSTRACT: A large subcutaneous mass, formed on the left lower jaw of a 4-month-old Japanese Black male calf, was partially excised for histological and bacteriological examinations. Antibiotic treatment resulted in a good prognosis. Bacteria isolated from the excised material were characterized by weak hemolysis and positive reactions for catalase and oxidase, and were 99% identical to Mannheimia granulomatis strains. The presence of the leukotoxin gene product was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Histological examination showed that the excised material was composed of dense fibrous connective tissue with sparsely distributed eosinophilic granulomas or abscesses. These foci frequently contained Splendore-Hoeppli material with rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria. Except for the absence of lymphangitis and the presence of basophils and mast cells, the histology of this lesion resembled that of lechiguana associated with coinfection of M. granulomatis and Dermatobia hominis. Leukotoxin was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry within Splendore-Hoeppli material and was judged to be responsible for its formation.

SUBMITTER: Kawashima Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4937147 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material caused by Mannheimia granulomatis in a calf.

Kawashima Yuuto Y Takahashi Hiroyasu H Shimoo Megumi M Tamamura Yukino Y Ishikawa Yoshiharu Y Kadota Koichi K

The Journal of veterinary medical science 20160304 6

A large subcutaneous mass, formed on the left lower jaw of a 4-month-old Japanese Black male calf, was partially excised for histological and bacteriological examinations. Antibiotic treatment resulted in a good prognosis. Bacteria isolated from the excised material were characterized by weak hemolysis and positive reactions for catalase and oxidase, and were 99% identical to Mannheimia granulomatis strains. The presence of the leukotoxin gene product was demonstrated by polymerase chain reactio ...[more]

PMID: 26947171

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Project description:BackgroundHepatic macrophages regulate liver granuloma formation and fibrosis caused by infection with Schistosoma japonicum, with the manner of regulation dependent on macrophage activation state. Interleukin (IL)-37 may have immunomodulatory effects on macrophages. However, whether IL-37 can affect liver granuloma formation and fibrosis by affecting the polarization of macrophages in S. japonicum infection remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate IL-37-affected macrophage polarization in liver granuloma formation and fibrosis in S. japonicum infection.MethodsAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of IL-37 in the serum of patients with acute S. japonicum infection and in the serum of healthy people. Recombinant IL-37 (rIL-37), CPP-IgG2Fc-IL-37 and no CPP-IgG2Fc-IL-37 proteins were injected into S. japonicum-infected mice every 3 days for a total of 6 times from day 24 post infection onwards. Subsequently, ELISA, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and western blot were used to analyze whether IL-37 inhibits the formation of liver granulomas and the development of liver fibrosis by regulating the phenotypic transition of macrophages. Finally, the three IL-37 proteins and SIS3, a Smad3 inhibitor, were co-cultured in mouse peritoneal macrophages to explore the mechanism underlying the promotion of the polarization of M0 macrophages to the M2 phenotype by IL-37.ResultsSerum IL-37 levels were upregulated in schistosomiasis patients, and this increased level of IL-37 protein apparently alleviated the liver granuloma of mice in infection models. It also could induce liver and peritoneal macrophages to polarize to the M2 phenotype in S. japonicum-infected mice. The S. japonicum-infected mice injected with CPP-IgG2Fc-IL-37 group exhibited the most obvious improvement in inflammatory reaction against the liver granuloma. The number and ratio of M2 macrophages in the liver and peritoneal cavity were significantly higher in the three IL-37 protein groups, especially in the CPP-IgG2Fc-IL-37 group, compared to the controls. Similar results were also found regarding liver function damage. IL-37 induced macrophage M2 polarization by promoting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in vitro. Among all groups, the activation of AMPK was most significant in the CPP-IgG2Fc-IL-37 group, and it was found that SMAD3 could enhance the anti-inflammatory function of IL-37.ConclusionsThe results show that IL-37 was able to promote the polarization of macrophages to the M2 phenotype, thereby inhibiting the development of schistosomiasis. In comparison to the rIL-37 protein, the CPP-IgG2Fc-IL-37 protein has the advantages of being effective in small doses and having fewer side effects and a better efficacy.

Dataset Information

Eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material caused by Mannheimia granulomatis in a calf.

Publications

Eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material caused by Mannheimia granulomatis in a calf.

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