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Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to develop a lightweight apron that will be used for shielding low intensity radiation in medical imaging radiography room and to apply it to a custom-made effective shielding. The quality of existing aprons made for protecting our bodies from direct radiation are improved so that they are suitable for scattered X-rays. Textiles that prevent bodies from radiation are made by combining barium sulfate and liquid silicon. These materials have the function of shielding radiation in a manner like lead. Three kinds of textiles are produced. The thicknesses of each textile are 0.15?mm, 0.21?mm, and 0.29?mm and the corresponding lead equivalents are 0.039?mmPb, 0.095?mmPb, 0.22?mmPb for each. The rate of shielding space scattering rays are 80% from the distance of 0.5?m, 86% from 1.0?m, and 97% from 1.5?m. If we intend to approach with the purpose of shielding scattering X-rays and low intensity radiations, it is possible to reduce the weight of the apron to be 1/5 compared to that of the existing lead aprons whose weight is typically more than 4?kg. We confirm, therefore, that it is possible to produce lightweight aprons that are used for the purpose of shielding low dose radiations.

SUBMITTER: Kim SC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4962047 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays.

Kim Seon Chil SC Choi Jeong Ryeol JR Jeon Byeong Kyou BK

Scientific reports 20160727

The purpose of this paper is to develop a lightweight apron that will be used for shielding low intensity radiation in medical imaging radiography room and to apply it to a custom-made effective shielding. The quality of existing aprons made for protecting our bodies from direct radiation are improved so that they are suitable for scattered X-rays. Textiles that prevent bodies from radiation are made by combining barium sulfate and liquid silicon. These materials have the function of shielding r ...[more]

PMID: 27461510

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Physical capacity tasks (ie, observer-administered outcome measures that comprise a standardized activity) are useful for assessing functioning in patients with low back pain. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to systematically review the level of evidence for the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of physical capacity tasks. DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and relevant reference lists were used as data sources. STUDY SELECTION:Two authors independently selected articles addressing the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of physical capacity tasks, and a third author resolved discrepancies. DATA EXTRACTION AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT:One author performed data extraction, and a second author independently checked the data extraction for accuracy. Two authors independently assessed the methodological quality with the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) 4-point checklist, and a third author resolved discrepancies. DATA SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS:Data synthesis was performed by all authors to determine the level of evidence per measurement property per physical capacity task. The 5-repetition sit-to-stand, 5-minute walk, 50-ft (?15.3-m) walk, Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation, and Timed "Up & Go" tasks displayed moderate to strong evidence for positive ratings of both reliability and construct validity. The 1-minute stair-climbing, 5-repetition sit-to-stand, shuttle walking, and Timed "Up & Go" tasks showed limited evidence for positive ratings of responsiveness. LIMITATIONS:The COSMIN 4-point checklist was originally developed for patient-reported outcome measures and not physical capacity tasks. CONCLUSIONS:The 5-repetition sit-to-stand, 50-ft walk, 5-minute walk, Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation, Timed "Up & Go," and 1-minute stair-climbing tasks are promising tests for the measurement of functioning in patients with chronic low back pain. However, more research on the measurement error and responsiveness of these tasks is needed to be able to fully recommend them as outcome measures in research and clinical practice.

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Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays.

Publications

Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays.

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