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Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012.

ABSTRACT: Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit.In all, 12,204 adults ?36 years old were selected from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1-10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers.Mean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5? versus 8.4?kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9?kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1-14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0?kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of ?25 CPD (10.3?kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1?kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups.In a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (?25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.

SUBMITTER: Veldheer S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4976446 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012.

Veldheer S S Yingst J J Zhu J J Foulds J J

International journal of obesity (2005) 20150709 12

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit.<h4>Subjects/methods</h4>In all, 12,204 adults ...[more]

PMID: 26155918

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Project description:BackgroundNon-Hispanic blacks in the United States are less likely to not meet national dietary recommendations than non-Hispanic whites; however, most studies do not consider nativity of US blacks.ObjectiveWith the use of the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores, this cross-sectional study compared diet quality between US-born (n = 3,911) and foreign-born (n = 408) non-Hispanic black adults aged 22-79 y, based on pooled nationally representative data (NHANES 2003-2012) as well as by length of US residency.DesignThe association between nativity and diet quality was determined by using multivariable-adjusted linear regression for the continuous total diet quality scores and their components or multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression for categorical tertiles (low, medium, or high) of the total scores and their components.ResultsForeign-born blacks had significantly higher AHEI-2010 (β: 9.3; 95% CI: 7.5, 11.0) and DASH (β: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.5, 3.8) scores compared with US-born blacks and more favorable intakes for many of the score components. Among foreign-born blacks, diet quality did not significantly differ by length of residency. Foreign-born blacks were more likely to be in the high than in the low tertile for vegetables [excluding starchy vegetables; relative risk ratio (RRR): 1.68; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.29], fruit [excluding and including fruit juice-RRR: 2.42 (95% CI: 1.69, 3.47) and RRR: 2.95 (95% CI: 1.90, 4.59), respectively], percentage of whole grains (RRR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.64, 3.49), and omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (RRR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.38, 2.97).ConclusionsForeign-born blacks have better diet quality than their US-born counterparts. In nutrition research and public health efforts, considering the place of birth among US blacks may improve the accuracy of characterizing dietary intakes and facilitate the development of targeted nutrition interventions to reduce diet-related diseases in the diverse black population in the United States.

Dataset Information

Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012.

Publications

Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012.

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