Dataset Information

Do Smoking Bans Improve Neonatal Health?

ABSTRACT:

Research objective

To estimate the effects of smoking bans on neonatal health outcomes and maternal smoking behavior during pregnancy.

Data sources

Restricted-use 1991-2009 Natality Detail Files, a Clean Air Dates Table Report, and the Tax Burden of Tobacco.

Study design

A quasi-experimental study using difference-in-differences estimation based on legislative history of smoking restrictions or bans by type/place/county/state level. Dependent variables included average monthly percentage of healthy neonates, of term neonates born with low and very low birth weight, of premature births, of maternal smokers, and average number of cigarettes smoked daily during pregnancy. The analyses were restricted to singleton births and those that occurred in the same county as mother's county of residence.

Data collection/extraction methods

The data from three data sources were combined using Federal Information Processing Standard codes.

Principal findings

Results of the overall and stratified by maternal smoking status, educational level, and age regression analyses suggested no appreciable effect of smoking bans on neonatal health. Smoking bans had also no effect on maternal smoking behavior.

Conclusion

While there are health benefits to the general population from smoking bans, their effects on neonatal health outcomes and maternal smoking during pregnancy seem to be limited.

SUBMITTER: Hankins S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5034216 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Do Smoking Bans Improve Neonatal Health?

Hankins Scott S Tarasenko Yelena Y

Health services research 20160203 5

<h4>Research objective</h4>To estimate the effects of smoking bans on neonatal health outcomes and maternal smoking behavior during pregnancy.<h4>Data sources</h4>Restricted-use 1991-2009 Natality Detail Files, a Clean Air Dates Table Report, and the Tax Burden of Tobacco.<h4>Study design</h4>A quasi-experimental study using difference-in-differences estimation based on legislative history of smoking restrictions or bans by type/place/county/state level. Dependent variables included average mont ...[more]

PMID: 26841359

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Project description:Background:Thirdhand smoke (THS) pollutants, such as nicotine, accumulate on the hands of children who live in homes with smokers and are exposed to secondhand smoke. Our objective was to examine whether levels of hand nicotine in exposed children are associated with demographics, environmental factors, and clinical findings. Methods:Participants were caregivers who smoke and children (mean age (SD)?=?2.6 (3.7)?years) who were part of an ongoing 2-group, randomized controlled trial of an emergency department-based tobacco cessation intervention (N?=?104). The primary outcome measure was nicotine on the child's hand. Caregivers reported demographics and smoking patterns; children's medical records were abstracted for chief complaint, medical history, and diagnoses. Results:All children had detectable hand nicotine (geometric mean [GeoM]?=?86.2?ng/wipe; range?=?3.5-2, 190.4?ng/wipe). Children in the age group of 2 to 4?years old (GeoM?=?185.6?ng/wipe) had higher levels than the children in the age groups of 0 to 1 (GeoM?=?68.9?ng/wipe, P?<?.001), 5 to 9 (GeoM?=?77.9?ng/wipe, P?=?.04), and 10 to 15?years old (GeoM?=?74.2?ng/wipe, P?=?.048). Children whose caregivers smoked 6 to 14 (GeoM?=?97.2?ng/wipe, P?=?.047) and 15 to 40 cigarettes/day (GeoM?=?124.0?ng/wipe, P?=?.01) had higher levels than children whose caregivers smoked 1 to 5 cigarettes/day (GeoM?=?59.7?ng/wipe). Children with 6 to 14 cigarettes/day (GeoM?=?163.11?ng/wipe, P?=?.007) and 15 to 40 cigarettes/day (GeoM?=?186.1, P?=?.003) smoked inside the home by all smokers had significantly higher levels than homes with 0 cigarettes (GeoM?=?81.3?ng/wipe). Similar differences in hand nicotine levels were found for smoking frequency of all household members in any location. Children with complaints of cough/congestion (GeoM?=?97.7?ng/wipe) had higher levels than those without cough/congestion (GeoM?=?59.0?ng/wipe, P?=?.01). Conclusions:The high hand nicotine levels in children whose caregivers do not necessarily smoke indoor demonstrate that indoor smoking bans do not safeguard against THS exposure and the associations with increased home smoking activity indicate that hand wipes may be a noninvasive way to characterize children's exposure. The findings of associated cough and congestion with higher THS levels need to be examined further.

Dataset Information

Do Smoking Bans Improve Neonatal Health?

Research objective

Data sources

Study design

Data collection/extraction methods

Principal findings

Conclusion

Publications

Do Smoking Bans Improve Neonatal Health?

Similar Datasets

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