Dataset Information

S100?-Positive Cells of Mesenchymal Origin Reside in the Anterior Lobe of the Embryonic Pituitary Gland.

ABSTRACT: The anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland develop through invagination of the oral ectoderm and as they are endocrine tissues, they participate in the maintenance of vital functions via the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones. We recently observed that several extrapituitary cells invade the anterior lobe of the developing pituitary gland. This raised the question of the origin(s) of these S100?-positive cells, which are not classic endocrine cells but instead comprise a heterogeneous cell population with plural roles, especially as stem/progenitor cells. To better understand the roles of these S100?-positive cells, we performed immunohistochemical analysis using several markers in S100?/GFP-TG rats, which express GFP in S100?-expressing cells under control of the S100? promoter. GFP-positive cells were present as mesenchymal cells surrounding the developing pituitary gland and at Atwell's recess but were not present in the anterior lobe on embryonic day 15.5. These cells were negative for SOX2, a pituitary stem/progenitor marker, and PRRX1, a mesenchyme and pituitary stem/progenitor marker. However, three days later, GFP-positive and PRRX1-positive (but SOX2-negative) cells were observed in the parenchyma of the anterior lobe. Furthermore, some GFP-positive cells were positive for vimentin, p75, isolectin B4, DESMIN, and Ki67. These data suggest that S100?-positive cells of extrapituitary origin invade the anterior lobe, undergoing proliferation and diverse transformation during pituitary organogenesis.

SUBMITTER: Horiguchi K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5047643 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

S100β-Positive Cells of Mesenchymal Origin Reside in the Anterior Lobe of the Embryonic Pituitary Gland.

Horiguchi Kotaro K Yako Hideji H Yoshida Saishu S Fujiwara Ken K Tsukada Takehiro T Kanno Naoko N Ueharu Hiroki H Nishihara Hiroto H Kato Takako T Yashiro Takashi T Kato Yukio Y

PloS one 20161003 10

The anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland develop through invagination of the oral ectoderm and as they are endocrine tissues, they participate in the maintenance of vital functions via the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones. We recently observed that several extrapituitary cells invade the anterior lobe of the developing pituitary gland. This raised the question of the origin(s) of these S100β-positive cells, which are not classic endocrine cells but instead comprise ...[more]

PMID: 27695124

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Project description:To date, very few mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics studies are available on the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary. In the past, MS-based investigations have focused exclusively on the whole pituitary gland or anterior pituitary lobe. In this study, for the first time, we performed a deep MS-based analysis of five anterior and five posterior matched lobes to build the first lobe-specific pituitary proteome map, which documented 4090 proteins with isoforms, mostly mapped into chromosomes 1, 2, and 11. About 1446 differentially expressed significant proteins were identified, which were studied for lobe specificity, biological pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction, regions specific to comparison of human brain and other neuroendocrine glands from Human Protein Atlas to identify pituitary-enriched proteins. Hormones specific to each lobe were also identified and validated with parallel reaction monitoring-based target verification. The study identified and validated hormones, growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone subunit beta, exclusively to the anterior lobe whereas oxytocin-neurophysin 1 and arginine vasopressin to the posterior lobe. The study also identified proteins POU1F1 (pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1), POMC (pro-opiomelanocortin), PCOLCE2 (procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 2), and NPTX2 (neuronal pentraxin-2) as pituitary-enriched proteins and was validated for their lobe specificity using parallel reaction monitoring. In addition, three uPE1 proteins, namely THEM6 (mesenchymal stem cell protein DSCD75), FSD1L (coiled-coil domain-containing protein 10), and METTL26 (methyltransferase-like 26), were identified using the NeXtProt database, and depicted tumor markers S100 proteins having high expression in the posterior lobe. In summary, the study documents the first matched anterior and posterior pituitary proteome map acting as a reference control for a better understanding of functional and nonfunctional pituitary adenomas and extrapolating the aim of the Human Proteome Project towards the investigation of the proteome of life.

Dataset Information

S100?-Positive Cells of Mesenchymal Origin Reside in the Anterior Lobe of the Embryonic Pituitary Gland.

Publications

S100β-Positive Cells of Mesenchymal Origin Reside in the Anterior Lobe of the Embryonic Pituitary Gland.

Similar Datasets

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