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Impaired mitochondrial function due to familial Alzheimer's disease-causing presenilins mutants via Ca(2+) disruptions.

ABSTRACT: Mutants in presenilins (PS1 or PS2) is the major cause of familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). FAD causing PS mutants affect intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis by enhancing the gating of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) Ca(2+) release channel on the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to exaggerated Ca(2+) release into the cytoplasm. Using experimental IP3R-mediated Ca(2+) release data, in conjunction with a computational model of cell bioenergetics, we explore how the differences in mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake in control cells and cells expressing FAD-causing PS mutants affect key variables such as ATP, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADH, and mitochondrial Ca(2+). We find that as a result of exaggerated cytosolic Ca(2+) in FAD-causing mutant PS-expressing cells, the rate of oxygen consumption increases dramatically and overcomes the Ca(2+) dependent enzymes that stimulate NADH production. This leads to decreased rates in proton pumping due to diminished membrane potential along with less ATP and enhanced ROS production. These results show that through Ca(2+) signaling disruption, mutant PS leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and potentially to cell death.

SUBMITTER: Toglia P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5088788 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impaired mitochondrial function due to familial Alzheimer's disease-causing presenilins mutants via Ca(2+) disruptions.

Toglia Patrick P Cheung King-Ho KH Mak Don-On Daniel DO Ullah Ghanim G

Cell calcium 20160305 5

Mutants in presenilins (PS1 or PS2) is the major cause of familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). FAD causing PS mutants affect intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis by enhancing the gating of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) Ca(2+) release channel on the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to exaggerated Ca(2+) release into the cytoplasm. Using experimental IP3R-mediated Ca(2+) release data, in conjunction with a computational model of cell bioenergetics, we explore how the differences in mitocho ...[more]

PMID: 26971122

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Project description:Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD)-causing mutant presenilins (PS) interact with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) Ca(2+) release channels resulting in enhanced IP3R channel gating in an amyloid beta (Aβ) production-independent manner. This gain-of-function enhancement of IP3R activity is considered to be the main reason behind the upregulation of intracellular Ca(2+) signaling in the presence of optimal and suboptimal stimuli and spontaneous Ca(2+) signals observed in cells expressing mutant PS. In this paper, we employed computational modeling of single IP3R channel activity records obtained under optimal Ca(2+) and multiple IP3 concentrations to gain deeper insights into the enhancement of IP3R function. We found that in addition to the high occupancy of the high-activity (H) mode and the low occupancy of the low-activity (L) mode, IP3R in FAD-causing mutant PS-expressing cells exhibits significantly longer mean life-time for the H mode and shorter life-time for the L mode, leading to shorter mean close-time and hence high open probability of the channel in comparison to IP3R in cells expressing wild-type PS. The model is then used to extrapolate the behavior of the channel to a wide range of IP3 and Ca(2+) concentrations and quantify the sensitivity of IP3R to its two ligands. We show that the gain-of-function enhancement is sensitive to both IP3 and Ca(2+) and that very small amount of IP3 is required to stimulate IP3R channels in the presence of FAD-causing mutant PS to the same level of activity as channels in control cells stimulated by significantly higher IP3 concentrations. We further demonstrate with simulations that the relatively longer time spent by IP3R in the H mode leads to the observed higher frequency of local Ca(2+) signals, which can account for the more frequent global Ca(2+) signals observed, while the enhanced activity of the channel at extremely low ligand concentrations will lead to spontaneous Ca(2+) signals in cells expressing FAD-causing mutant PS.

Dataset Information

Impaired mitochondrial function due to familial Alzheimer's disease-causing presenilins mutants via Ca(2+) disruptions.

Publications

Impaired mitochondrial function due to familial Alzheimer's disease-causing presenilins mutants via Ca(2+) disruptions.

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