Genetic evidence of PTPN22 effects on chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hebbring SJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5091216 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia in the West and is an incurable malignancy. No firmly established evidence exists for environmental risk factors in the etiology of CLL. However, CLL is estimated to have one of the highest familial risks for a hematologic malignancy; this along with other evidence strongly supports an inherited genetic component. In the past 5 years, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided the foundation for new avenues in the investigation of pathogenesis of this disease with 22 susceptibility loci currently identified. We review here the advances made in identifying these loci, the potential to translate these findings into clinical practice, and future directions needed to advance our understanding of the genetic susceptibility of CLL.
| S-EPMC3834539 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is strong and consistent evidence that a genetic component contributes to the etiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A recent genome-wide association study of CLL identified seven genetic variants that increased the risk of CLL within a European population.We evaluated the association of these variants, or variants in linkage disequilibrium with these variants, with CLL risk in an independent sample of 438 CLL cases and 328 controls.Of these seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), six had P trend < 0.05 and had estimated odds ratios (OR) that were strikingly comparable to those of the previous study. Associations were seen for rs9378805 [OR, 1.47; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.19-1.80; P trend = 0.0003] near IRF4 and rs735665 near GRAMD1B (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.14-1.89; P trend = 0.003). However, no associations (P > 0.05) were found for rs11083846, nor were any found for any SNP in linkage disequilibrium with rs11083846.Our results confirm the previous findings and further support the role of a genetic basis in the etiology of CLL; however, more research is needed to elucidate the causal SNP(s) and the potential manner in which these SNPs or linked SNPs function in CLL pathogenesis.
| S-EPMC2852480 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genetic Epidemiology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
| PRJNA448480 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-BSST381 | biostudies-other
Project description:Fludarabine refractoriness (FR) represents an unsolved clinical problem of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) management. Although next-generation sequencing studies have led to the identification of a number of genes frequently mutated in FR-CLL, a comprehensive evaluation of the FR-CLL genome has not been reported. Toward this end, we studied 10 FR-CLLs by combining whole-exome sequencing and copy number aberration (CNA) analysis, which showed an average of 16.3 somatic mutations and 4 CNAs per sample. Screening of recurrently mutated genes in 48 additional FR-CLLs revealed that ~70% of FR-CLLs carry ?1 mutation in genes previously associated with CLL clinical course, including TP53 (27.5%), NOTCH1 (24.1%), SF3B1 (18.9%), and BIRC3 (15.5%). In addition, this analysis showed that 10.3% of FR-CLL cases display mutations of the FAT1 gene, which encodes for a cadherin-like protein that negatively regulates Wnt signaling, consistent with a tumor suppressor role. The frequency of FAT1-mutated cases was significantly higher in FR-CLL than in unselected CLLs at diagnosis (10.3% vs 1.1%, P = .004), suggesting a role in the development of a high-risk phenotype. These findings have general implications for the mechanisms leading to FR and point to Wnt signaling as a potential therapeutic target in FR-CLL.
| S-EPMC3983613 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common hematological malignancy in Western countries. However, this disease is very rare in Asian countries. It is not clear whether the mechanisms of development of CLL in Caucasians and Asians are the same. We compared genetic abnormalities in Asian and Caucasian CLL using 250k GeneChip arrays. Both Asian and Caucasian CLL had four common genetic abnormalities: deletion of 13q14.3, trisomy 12, abnormalities of ATM (11q) and abnormalities of 17p. Interestingly, trisomy 12 and deletion of 13q14.3 were mutually exclusive in both groups. We also found that deletions of miR 34b/34c (11q), caspase 1/4/5 (11q), Rb1 (13q) and DLC1 (8p) are common in both ethnic groups. Asian CLL more frequently had gain of 3q and 18q. These suggest that classic genomic changes in the Asian and Caucasina CLL are same. Further, we found amplification of IRF4 and deletion of the SP140/SP100 genes; these genes have been reported as CLL-associated genes by previous genome-wide-association study. We have found classic genomic abnormalities in Asian CLL as well as novel genomic alteration in CLL.
| S-EPMC3775563 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a heterogeneous clinical course. Beside patients requiring immediate treatment, others show an initial indolent phase followed by progression and others do not progress for decades. The latter two subgroups usually display mutated IGHV genes and a favorable FISH profile.Patients and methodsPatients with absence of disease progression for over 10?years (10-34) from diagnosis were defined as ultra-stable CLL (US-CLL). Forty US-CLL underwent extensive characterization including whole exome sequencing (WES), ultra-deep sequencing and copy number aberration (CNA) analysis to define their unexplored genetic landscape. Microarray analysis, comparing US-CLL with non-US-CLL with similar immunogenetic features (mutated IGHV/favorable FISH), was also carried out to recognize US-CLL at diagnosis.ResultsWES was carried out in 20 US-CLL and 84 non-silent somatic mutations in 78 genes were found. When re-tested in a validation cohort of 20 further US-CLL, no recurrent lesion was identified. No clonal mutations of NOTCH1, BIRC3, SF3B1 and TP53 were found, including ATM and other potential progression driving mutations. CNA analysis identified 31 lesions, none with known poor prognostic impact. No novel recurrent lesion was identified: most cases showed no lesions (38%) or an isolated del(13q) (31%). The expression of 6 genes, selected from a gene expression profile analysis by microarray and quantified by droplet digital PCR on a cohort of 79 CLL (58 US-CLL and 21 non-US-CLL), allowed to build a decision-tree capable of recognizing at diagnosis US-CLL patients.ConclusionsThe genetic landscape of US-CLL is characterized by the absence of known unfavorable driver mutations/CNA and of novel recurrent genetic lesions. Among CLL patients with favorable immunogenetics, a decision-tree based on the expression of 6 genes may identify at diagnosis patients who are likely to maintain an indolent disease for decades.
| S-EPMC6248613 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cold agglutinin disease arising in the context of chronic lymphocytic leukemia can misdiagnose a warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
| S-EPMC4831394 | biostudies-other
Project description:Drug combinations that target critical pathways are a mainstay of cancer care. To improve current approaches to combination treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and gain insights into the underlying biology, we studied the effect of 352 drug combination pairs in multiple concentrations by analysing ex vivo drug response of 52 primary CLL samples, which were characterized by "omics" profiling. Known synergistic interactions were confirmed for B-cell receptor (BCR) inhibitors with Bcl-2 inhibitors and with chemotherapeutic drugs, suggesting that this approach can identify clinically useful combinations. Moreover, we uncovered synergistic interactions between BCR inhibitors and afatinib, which we attribute to BCR activation by afatinib through BLK upstream of BTK and PI3K. Combinations of multiple inhibitors of BCR components (e.g., BTK, PI3K, SYK) had effects similar to the single agents. While PI3K and BTK inhibitors produced overall similar effects in combinations with other drugs, we uncovered a larger response heterogeneity of combinations including PI3K inhibitors, predominantly in CLL with mutated IGHV, which we attribute to the target's position within the BCR-signaling pathway. Taken together, our study shows that drug combination effects can be effectively queried in primary cancer cells, which could aid discovery, triage and clinical development of drug combinations.
| S-EPMC7584477 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose of reviewFamilies with multiple individuals affected with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other related B-cell tumors have been described in the literature and strong familial aggregation has been seen in population studies. However, predisposing germline mutations have not been identified. We will discuss the spectrum of conditions associated with CLL in families and the advances in identifying the underlying susceptibility genes.Recent findingsFamilial CLL does not appear to differ substantially from sporadic CLL in terms of prognostic markers and clinical outcome, although it may be associated with more indolent disease. The precursor condition, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, also aggregates in CLL families. Linkage studies have been conducted in high-risk CLL families to screen the whole genome for susceptibility loci but no gene mutations have yet been identified by this method. Association studies of candidate genes have implicated several genes as being important in CLL but more studies are needed. Results from whole-genome association studies are promising.SummaryThe ability to conduct large-scale genomic studies in unrelated CLL patients and in high-risk CLL families will play an important role in detecting susceptibility genes for CLL over the next few years and thereby help to delineate causal pathways.
| S-EPMC2891437 | biostudies-literature