A indicator of visceral adipose dysfunction to evaluate metabolic health in adult Chinese.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Xia MF
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5131270 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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A indicator of visceral adipose dysfunction to evaluate metabolic health in adult Chinese.
Xia Ming-Feng MF Chen Ying Y Lin Huan-Dong HD Ma Hui H Li Xiao-Ming XM Aleteng Qiqige Q Li Qian Q Wang Dan D Hu Yu Y Pan Bai-Shen BS Li Xue-Jun XJ Li Xiao-Ying XY Gao Xin X
Scientific reports 20161201
Visceral adipose dysfunction is a major cause of metabolic disorders. However, there is lack of a clinical index for prediction of visceral fat dysfunction in Asians. The present study aims to establish a visceral adiposity index for evaluation of metabolic health status in Chinese, the largest Asian ethnic group. 485 subjects were recruited from Lianqian Community, Xiamen and received abdominal computed tomography(CT) for visceral fat area. A Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) was created ...[more]
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Project description:Background:Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) assessment is limited in clinical practice due to expensive, time consuming and limited availability of MRI and DXA machines. We explored the utility of a recently developed Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF) to assess VAT in south Asian individuals with morbid obesity. Patients and Methods:Individuals with BMI ?35 kg/m2 aged between 30 and 60 years were randomly selected from a database of individuals with morbid obesity, attending a multi-disciplinary bariatric clinic in a tertiary care teaching hospital in southern India. Body composition was assessed by using a Hologic Discovery A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machine. METS-VF was used to estimate VAT by using a previously published algorithm. Results:The mean age and body mass index of the study subjects (N=350) were 38.2 years and 40.1 kg/m2. The MET-VF score performed satisfactorily (AUC of 0.78 (95% CI 0.72-0.85)) for predicting an increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT area ? 163 cm2) as detected by DXA. A METS-VF value of 7.3 was found to have a good sensitivity and reasonable specificity in predicting elevated VAT in this population. Conclusion:This is the first study to validate the utility of METS-VF as a surrogate measure of visceral adiposity in south Indian individuals with morbid obesity. Given the simplicity, easy availability, reliability and inexpensive nature of this obesity indicator, it may find its widespread use in lower middle-income countries.
| S-EPMC7507406 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A clear relationship exists between visceral obesity and type 2 diabetes, whereas subcutaneous obesity is comparatively benign. Here, we show that adipocyte-specific deletion of the coregulatory protein PRDM16 caused minimal effects on classical brown fat but markedly inhibited beige adipocyte function in subcutaneous fat following cold exposure or β3-agonist treatment. These animals developed obesity on a high-fat diet, with severe insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. They also showed altered fat distribution with markedly increased subcutaneous adiposity. Subcutaneous adipose tissue in mutant mice acquired many key properties of visceral fat, including decreased thermogenic and increased inflammatory gene expression and increased macrophage accumulation. Transplantation of subcutaneous fat into mice with diet-induced obesity showed a loss of metabolic benefit when tissues were derived from PRDM16 mutant animals. These findings indicate that PRDM16 and beige adipocytes are required for the "browning" of white fat and the healthful effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue.
| S-EPMC3922400 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveOur study aims to examine the associations of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in a Chinese population.DesignCross-sectional.BackgroundEAT and VAT are the most important ectopic fat pools which were previously shown to be associated with subclinical cardiac dysfunction. However, few studies simultaneously measured both EAT thickness and VAT area, and explored their associations with cardiac dysfunction. Our study aims to examine the associations of VAT and EAT with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in a Chinese population.MethodsThe study subjects were recruited from Danyang County from 2018 to 2019. Using Philips CX50, we recorded EAT thickness at the end-systole in a long-axis view. The subclinical systolic and diastolic function were assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking, and transmitral and tissue Doppler imaging, respectively. Using Omron HDS-2000, we measured VAT area by dual bioelectrical impedance analysis.ResultsThe 1558 participants (age, 52.3±12.8 years) included 930 (59.7%) women. Compared with women, men had higher VAT area (99.4 vs 70.1 cm2; p<0.0001) but lower EAT thickness (4.02 vs 4.46 mm; p<0.0001). In simple correlation analyses, EAT thickness and VAT area were positively associated with E/e' ratio (r=0.16 to 0.20; all p<0.0001) and negatively with global longitudinal strain (GLS) and e' (r=-0.12 to -0.37; all p<0.0001). Furthermore, VAT area was associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r=-0.14; p<0.0001). After adjustment for confounding factors, the association of EAT with GLS and that of VAT with e' and E/e' ratio remained significant (all p≤0.001), whereas the associations of EAT with subclinical diastolic dysfunction and that of VAT with systolic function became non-significant (all p≥0.11). Analyses on further adjustment for LVEF showed similar results.ConclusionsIncreased EAT thickness was associated with worse subclinical systolic dysfunction, while greater VAT area was associated with early diastolic dysfunction.
| S-EPMC10729219 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a peptide hormone that serves as a potent effector of energy homeostasis. Increasingly, FGF21 is viewed as a promising therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and other metabolic complications. Exogenous administration of native FGF21 peptide has proved difficult due to unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties. Here, we utilized an engineered serotype adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector coupled with a dual-cassette design to selectively overexpress FGF21 in visceral adipose tissue of insulin-resistant BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice. Under high-fat diet conditions, a single, low-dose intraperitoneal injection of AAV-FGF21 resulted in sustained benefits, including improved insulin sensitivity, glycemic processing, and systemic metabolic function and reduced whole-body adiposity, hepatic steatosis, inflammatory cytokines, and adipose tissue macrophage inflammation. Our study highlights the potential of adipose tissue as a FGF21 gene-therapy target and the promise of minimally invasive AAV vectors as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases.
| S-EPMC7848733 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies have indicated that the deposition of abdominal adipose tissue was associated with the abnormalities of cardiometabolic components. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and metabolic status and the different effects between males and females.MethodsThe 1388 eligible subjects were recruited in a baseline survey of metabolic syndrome in China, from two communities in Hangzhou and Chengdu. Areas of abdominal VAT and SAT were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Serum total triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by an automated biochemical analyzer. Metabolic abnormality (MA) was defined more than one abnormal metabolic components, which was based on the definition of metabolic syndrome (IDF 2005). Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Predictive value was assessed by area under the curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), respectively.ResultsTheir mean age was 53.8 years (SD: 7.1 years), the mean body mass index (BMI) was 23.7 kg/m2, and 44.8% of the subjects were male. Both male and female with MA had higher VAT levels compared to subjects with normal metabolism (MN), and male had higher SAT levels than female (P < 0.05). Higher VAT was significantly associated with MA with ORs in the fourth quartile (Q4) of 6.537 (95% CI = 3.394-12.591) for male and 3.364 (95% CI = 1.898-5.962) for female (P for trend < 0.05). In female, VAT could increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities, but SAT could increase the risk of MA in the second and fourth quartiles (Q2 and Q4) only at BMI > 24 kg/m2. In male, VAT improved the predictive value of MA compared to BMI and waist circumference (WC), the AUC was 0.727 (95% CI = 0.687-0.767), the NRI was 0.139 (95% CI = 0.070-0.208) and 0.106 (95% CI = 0.038-0.173), and the IDI was 0.074 (95% CI = 0.053-0.095) and 0.046 (95% CI = 0.026-0.066). Similar results were found in female.ConclusionsIn male, VAT and SAT could increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities both at BMI < 24 kg/m2 and at BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2. In female, VAT could increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities but SAT could increase the risk of MA in the second and fourth quartiles (Q2 and Q4) only at BMI > 24 kg/m2. Deposition of abdominal adipose tissue was associated with metabolic abnormalities. VAT improved the predictive power of MA.
| S-EPMC8898486 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction: The human adipose tissue proteome associated with type 2 diabetes (DM) is not well described. An understanding of the DM-specific adipose tissue proteome would provide insight into mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of DM.
Methods: We used label-free proteomics analysis to quantify differences between visceral adipose tissue samples from obese women with and without DM.
Results: 2640 protein groups were identified and 1965 were subject to statistical analysis. 23 were differently abundant between groups (q < 0.1, moderated t-test, n = 10). Proteins localized to the mitochondria or involved in mitochondrial functions including the TCA cycle and fatty acid metabolism were decreased in abundance in samples from women with DM relative to NDM samples while proteins involved in cytoskeletal function and innate inflammatory signaling pathways were increased.
Conclusion: The visceral adipose tissue proteome in DM is characterized by defects in mitochondrial function, TCA metabolism, inflammation and immunity, and cytoskeletal function. Alterations in the levels of specific proteins associated with these pathways provide insight into mechanisms of adipose tissue dysfunction in the context of metabolic disease.
2020-03-27 | MSV000085169 | MassIVE
Project description:Visceral adiposity index (VAI) well mirrors visceral fat dysfunction. No study explored the association between low androgen and VAI. We aimed to determine whether VAI was associated with hypogonadism and sex hormones, and also whether it better predicted hypogonadism than other obesity indices. Our data were collected from 16 sites in East China. 2,759 men were enrolled. Hypogonadism was defined as total testosterone < 11.3 nmol/L. VAI was calculated in male: (waist circumference/(39.68 + (1.88 × BMI)) × (triglycerides/1.03) × (1.31/HDL). 484 (17.5%) hypogonadal men had significantly higher VAI. After adjusting for age, smoking, neck and hip circumference, diabetes and hypertension, VAI was inversely associated with total testosterone, estradiol and SHBG (P < 0.01). Higher quartiles of VAI were associated with significantly increasing odds of hypogonadism (P for trend < 0.01). The fully adjusted odds ratio was 5.88 (95 CI% 4.09, 8.46) for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of VAI. Among all the indices investigated, VAI showed the largest area under the curve (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the VAI was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of hypogonadism in Chinese men. VAI also best predicted hypogonadism among obesity indices (waist, hip and neck circumference, BMI, waist-hip ratio and body adiposity index).
| S-EPMC4726157 | biostudies-other
Project description:OBJECTIVES: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an independent risk factor in cardiometabolic diseases and is commonly measured by computed tomography (CT). It is measured clinically by waist circumference (WC). The L4/5 intervertebral space VAT (L4/5 VAT) is traditionally used to represent total VAT volume. We set out to determine (1) the level of intervertebral space on CT that best approximates the total VAT volume; (2) compare the association between WC and VAT in Singaporean Chinese and Indian; and (3) examine the correlation between VAT and cardiometabolic risk factors. SUBJECTS: A total of 60 Chinese and 60 Asian Indian men older than 60 years were recruited. Their medical history was taken and anthropometry was measured. Fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, adipokines and inflammatory markers were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. VAT was determined by CT. Total VAT volume was calculated in 22 patients from VAT areas at seven intervertebral levels. The optimal VAT area most representative of total VAT volume was determined and used for all patients to approximate total VAT volume. RESULTS: The VAT area at L2/3 intervertebral space (L2/3 VAT) correlated almost perfectly with VAT volume (R(2)=0.974 and 0.946 for Chinese and Indians, respectively). SUBJECTS from the two races had similar height, weight, body mass index (BMI), WC and L2/3 VAT but more Indian men had hypertension, hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. WC was correlated with the L2/3 VAT area in both Chinese (r=0.484, P<0.001) and Indian subjects (r=0.366, P=0.004) without racial difference (P=0.2 for interaction term). L2/3 VAT also correlated better with cardiometabolic risk factors, adipokines and C-reactive protein than WC, BMI or L4/5 VAT. CONCLUSION: The L2-L3 intervertebral space was the best anatomic level for a single-slice CT cross-sectional area measurement of VAT to approximate total body visceral adipose volume in this population of Chinese and Asian Indian men older than 60 years. L2/3 VAT was better correlated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, adipokines and inflammatory marker than either L4/5 VAT, WC or BMI.
| S-EPMC3432182 | biostudies-other
Project description:We recently identified endotrophin as an adipokine with potent tumour-promoting effects. However, the direct effects of local accumulation of endotrophin in adipose tissue have not yet been studied. Here we use a doxycycline-inducible adipocyte-specific endotrophin overexpression model to demonstrate that endotrophin plays a pivotal role in shaping a metabolically unfavourable microenvironment in adipose tissue during consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD). Endotrophin serves as a powerful co-stimulator of pathologically relevant pathways within the 'unhealthy' adipose tissue milieu, triggering fibrosis and inflammation and ultimately leading to enhanced insulin resistance. We further demonstrate that blocking endotrophin with a neutralizing antibody ameliorates metabolically adverse effects and effectively reverses metabolic dysfunction induced during HFD exposure. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that endotrophin exerts a major influence in adipose tissue, eventually resulting in systemic elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance, and the results establish endotrophin as a potential target in the context of metabolism and cancer.
| S-EPMC4076823 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine whether cyclooxygenase inhibition improves vascular dysfunction of adipose microvessels from obese humans.Design and methodsIn 20 obese subjects (age 37 ± 12 years, BMI 47 ± 8 kg/m²), subcutaneous and visceral fat were collected during bariatric surgery and characterized for adipose depot-specific gene expression, endothelial cell phenotype, and microvascular function. Vasomotor function was assessed in response to endothelium-dependent agonists using videomicroscopy of small arterioles from fat.ResultsArterioles from visceral fat exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent, acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation, compared to the subcutaneous depot (P < 0.001). Expression of mRNA transcripts relevant to the cyclooxygenase pathway was upregulated in visceral compared to subcutaneous fat. Pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase with indomethacin improved endothelium-dependent vasodilator function of arterioles from visceral fat by twofold (P = 0.01), whereas indomethacin had no effect in the subcutaneous depot. Indomethacin increased activation via serine-1177 phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in response to acetylcholine in endothelial cells from visceral fat. Inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase with N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester abrogated the effects of cyclooxygenase-inhibition suggesting that vascular actions of indomethacin were related to increased nitric oxide bioavailability.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that cyclooxygenase-mediated vasoconstrictor prostanoids partly contribute to endothelial dysfunction of visceral adipose arterioles in human obesity.
| S-EPMC3766380 | biostudies-literature