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Extreme genomic erosion after recurrent demographic bottlenecks in the highly endangered Iberian lynx.


ABSTRACT: Genomic studies of endangered species provide insights into their evolution and demographic history, reveal patterns of genomic erosion that might limit their viability, and offer tools for their effective conservation. The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is the most endangered felid and a unique example of a species on the brink of extinction.We generate the first annotated draft of the Iberian lynx genome and carry out genome-based analyses of lynx demography, evolution, and population genetics. We identify a series of severe population bottlenecks in the history of the Iberian lynx that predate its known demographic decline during the 20th century and have greatly impacted its genome evolution. We observe drastically reduced rates of weak-to-strong substitutions associated with GC-biased gene conversion and increased rates of fixation of transposable elements. We also find multiple signatures of genetic erosion in the two remnant Iberian lynx populations, including a high frequency of potentially deleterious variants and substitutions, as well as the lowest genome-wide genetic diversity reported so far in any species.The genomic features observed in the Iberian lynx genome may hamper short- and long-term viability through reduced fitness and adaptive potential. The knowledge and resources developed in this study will boost the research on felid evolution and conservation genomics and will benefit the ongoing conservation and management of this emblematic species.

SUBMITTER: Abascal F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5155386 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Extreme genomic erosion after recurrent demographic bottlenecks in the highly endangered Iberian lynx.

Abascal Federico F   Corvelo André A   Cruz Fernando F   Villanueva-Cañas José L JL   Vlasova Anna A   Marcet-Houben Marina M   Martínez-Cruz Begoña B   Cheng Jade Yu JY   Prieto Pablo P   Quesada Víctor V   Quilez Javier J   Li Gang G   García Francisca F   Rubio-Camarillo Miriam M   Frias Leonor L   Ribeca Paolo P   Capella-Gutiérrez Salvador S   Rodríguez José M JM   Câmara Francisco F   Lowy Ernesto E   Cozzuto Luca L   Erb Ionas I   Tress Michael L ML   Rodriguez-Ales Jose L JL   Ruiz-Orera Jorge J   Reverter Ferran F   Casas-Marce Mireia M   Soriano Laura L   Arango Javier R JR   Derdak Sophia S   Galán Beatriz B   Blanc Julie J   Gut Marta M   Lorente-Galdos Belen B   Andrés-Nieto Marta M   López-Otín Carlos C   Valencia Alfonso A   Gut Ivo I   García José L JL   Guigó Roderic R   Murphy William J WJ   Ruiz-Herrera Aurora A   Marques-Bonet Tomas T   Roma Guglielmo G   Notredame Cedric C   Mailund Thomas T   Albà M Mar MM   Gabaldón Toni T   Alioto Tyler T   Godoy José A JA  

Genome biology 20161214 1


<h4>Background</h4>Genomic studies of endangered species provide insights into their evolution and demographic history, reveal patterns of genomic erosion that might limit their viability, and offer tools for their effective conservation. The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is the most endangered felid and a unique example of a species on the brink of extinction.<h4>Results</h4>We generate the first annotated draft of the Iberian lynx genome and carry out genome-based analyses of lynx demography, e  ...[more]

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