A novel method of cultivating cardiac myocytes in agarose microchamber chips for studying cell synchronization.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kojima K
PROVIDER: S-EPMC517946 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:The nuclear acetyltransferase p300 is a dose-dependent and limiting regulator of cardiac hypertrophy. p300 regulates hypertrophy by controlling the expression of specific microRNAs.The objective of this study was to dissect the role of miR-142 during p300 regulated hypertophic growth in vitro and in vivo and to verify its targets. MiR142 and a non target control were overexpressed using lentivirus in primary culture of neonatal cardiac myocytes. Overexpression was checked 48 hour post transfection. Samples include miR142 OE and non target from three different experiments.
2012-03-07 | E-GEOD-31121 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The nuclear acetyltransferase p300 is a dose-dependent and limiting regulator of cardiac hypertrophy. p300 regulates hypertrophy by controlling the expression of specific microRNAs.The objective of this study was to dissect the role of miR-142 during p300 regulated hypertophic growth in vitro and in vivo and to verify its targets.
2012-03-07 | GSE31121 | GEO
Project description:Maladaptive hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes increases the risk of heart failure. The underlying signaling can be triggered and interrogated in cultured neonatal ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) using sophisticated pharmacological and genetic techniques. However, the methods for quantifying cell growth are, by comparison, inadequate. The lack of quantitative, calibratable and computationally-inexpensive high-throughput technology has limited the scope for using cultured myocytes in large-scale analyses. We present a ratiometric method for quantifying the hypertrophic growth of cultured myocytes, compatible with high-throughput imaging platforms. Protein biomass was assayed from sulforhodamine B (SRB) fluorescence, and image analysis calculated the quotient of signal from extra-nuclear and nuclear regions. The former readout relates to hypertrophic growth, whereas the latter is a reference for correcting protein-independent (e.g. equipment-related) variables. This ratiometric measure, when normalized to the number of cells, provides a robust quantification of cellular hypertrophy. The method was tested by comparing the efficacy of various chemical agonists to evoke hypertrophy, and verified using independent assays (myocyte area, transcripts of markers). The method's high resolving power and wide dynamic range were confirmed by the ability to generate concentration-response curves, track the time-course of hypertrophic responses with fine temporal resolution, describe drug/agonist interactions, and screen for novel anti-hypertrophic agents. The method can be implemented as an end-point in protocols investigating hypertrophy, and is compatible with automated plate-reader platforms for generating high-throughput data, thereby reducing investigator-bias. Finally, the computationally-minimal workflow required for obtaining measurements makes the method simple to implement in most laboratories.
| S-EPMC6520438 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Here, a new medium, named intensive soil extract medium (ISEM), based on new soil extract (NSE) using 80% methanol, was used to efficiently isolate previously uncultured bacteria and new taxonomic candidates, which accounted for 49% and 55% of the total isolates examined (n = 258), respectively. The new isolates were affiliated with seven phyla (Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Bacteroidetes). The result of chemical analysis showed that NSE included more diverse components of low-molecular-weight organic substances than two conventional soil extracts made using distilled water. Cultivation of previously uncultured bacteria is expected to extend knowledge through the discovery of new phenotypic, physiological, and functional properties and even roles of unknown genes.IMPORTANCE Both metagenomics and single-cell sequencing can detect unknown genes from uncultured microbial strains in environments, and either method may find the significant potential metabolites and roles of these strains. However, such gene/genome-based techniques do not allow detailed investigations that are possible with cultures. To solve this problem, various approaches for cultivation of uncultured bacteria have been developed, but there are still difficulties in maintaining pure cultures by subculture.
| S-EPMC6275337 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RationaleDuring each beat, cardiac myocytes (CMs) generate the mechanical output necessary for heart function through contractile mechanisms that involve shortening of sarcomeres along myofibrils. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be differentiated into CMs (hiPSC-CMs) that model cardiac contractile mechanical output more robustly when micropatterned into physiological shapes. Quantifying the mechanical output of these cells enables us to assay cardiac activity in a dish.ObjectiveWe sought to develop a computational platform that integrates analytic approaches to quantify the mechanical output of single micropatterned hiPSC-CMs from microscopy videos.Methods and resultsWe micropatterned single hiPSC-CMs on deformable polyacrylamide substrates containing fluorescent microbeads. We acquired videos of single beating cells, of microbead displacement during contractions, and of fluorescently labeled myofibrils. These videos were independently analyzed to obtain parameters that capture the mechanical output of the imaged single cells. We also developed novel methods to quantify sarcomere length from videos of moving myofibrils and to analyze loss of synchronicity of beating in cells with contractile defects. We tested this computational platform by detecting variations in mechanical output induced by drugs and in cells expressing low levels of myosin-binding protein C.ConclusionsOur method can measure the cardiac function of single micropatterned hiPSC-CMs and determine contractile parameters that can be used to elucidate mechanisms that underlie variations in CM function. This platform will be amenable to future studies of the effects of mutations and drugs on cardiac function.
| S-EPMC5491345 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In nature, bacteria prevailingly reside in the form of biofilms. These elaborately organized surface-bound assemblages of bacterial cells show numerous features of multicellular organization. We recently showed that biofilm growth is a true developmental process, which resembles developmental processes in multicellular eukaryotes. To study the biofilm growth in a fashion of eukaryotic ontogeny, it is essential to define dynamics and critical transitional phases of this process. The first step in this endeavor is to record the gross morphological changes of biofilm ontogeny under standardized conditions. This visual information is instrumental in guiding the sampling strategy for the later omics analyses of biofilm ontogeny. However, none of the currently available visualizations methods is specifically tailored for recording gross morphology across the whole biofilm development. To address this void, here we present an affordable Arduino-based approach for time-lapse visualization of complete biofilm ontogeny using bright field stereomicroscopy with episcopic illumination. The major challenge in recording biofilm development on the air-solid interphase is water condensation, which compromises filming directly through the lid of a Petri dish. To overcome these trade-offs, we developed an Arduino microcontroller setup which synchronizes a robotic arm, responsible for opening and closing the Petri dish lid, with the activity of a stereomicroscope-mounted camera and lighting conditions. We placed this setup into a microbiological incubator that maintains temperature and humidity during the biofilm growth. As a proof-of-principle, we recorded biofilm development of five Bacillus subtilis strains that show different morphological and developmental dynamics.
| S-EPMC9729682 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cardiac stem cells are described in a number of mammalian species including humans. Cardiac stem cell clusters consisting of both lineage-negative and partially committed cells are generally identified between contracting cardiac myocytes. In the present study, c-kit(+), Sca(+), and Isl1(+) stem cells were revealed to be located inside the sarcoplasm of cardiac myocytes in myocardial cell cultures derived from newborn, 20-, and 40-day-old rats. Intracellularly localized cardiac stem cells had a coating or capsule with a few pores that opened into the host cell sarcoplasm. The similar structures were also identified in the suspension of freshly isolated myocardial cells (ex vivo) of 20- and 40-day-old rats. The results from this study provide direct evidence for the replicative division of encapsulated stem cells, followed by their partial cardiomyogenic differentiation. The latter is substantiated by the release of multiple transient amplifying cells following the capsule rupture. In conclusion, functional cardiac stem cells can reside not only exterior to but also within cardiomyocytes.
| S-EPMC4825596 | biostudies-literature
Project description:FAT10 is a new member of the ubiquitin-like protein family with yet-to-be defined biological functions in the heart. Our objective was to determine the role of FAT10 in the heart. FAT10 is expressed in the normal human and murine hearts, as detected by qPCR and Western blotting. Expression of FAT10 is increased in the heart at the border zone of myocardial infarction and in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCM) subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) stress. Lentiviral-mediated overexpression of FAT10 in NRCM reduced p53 (TP53) and its target miR-34a levels, while BCL2 level, a target of miR-34a, was increased and BAX level, a pro-apoptotic protein, was reduced. These changes were associated with reduced apoptosis, detected by FACS analysis of annexin-V expression and TUNEL assay, in response to H/R injury. Knock down of FAT10 by shRNA targeting had the opposite effects. Likewise, lentiviral mediated expression of miR-34a was associated with reduced BCL2 and increased BAX levels in NRCM and also reversed changes in BCL-2 and BAX levels observed upon over-expression of FAT10. Treatment of NRCM with proteasome inhibitor MG132 increased p53 and miR-34a levels and reduced BLC2/BAX ratio. These changes were not reversed upon over-expression of FAT10. Thus, FAT10 is upregulated in the heart and NRCM in response to H/R stress, which protects cardiac myocytes against apoptosis. The anti-apoptotic effects of FAT10 are associated with suppression of p53, probably through fatylation and proteasomal degradation, reduced miR-34a expression, and a shift in the BCL2/BAX proteins against apoptosis. Thus, FAT10 is a cardioprotective protein.
| S-EPMC3646899 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Morphogenesis is often considered a function of transcriptional synchrony and the spatial limits of diffusing mitogens; however, physical constrainment by the cell microenvironment represents an additional mechanism for regulating self-assembly of subcellular structures. We asked whether myocyte shape is a distinct signal that potentiates the organization of myofibrillar arrays in cardiac muscle myocytes. We engineered the shape of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes by culturing them on microfabricated fibronectin islands, where they spread and assumed the shape of the island. Myofibrillogenesis followed, both spatially and temporally, the assembly of unique actin networks whose architecture was predictable given the shape of the island. Subsequently, the z lines of the sarcomeres aligned and registered in distinct patterns in different regions of the myocytes in such a way that orthogonal axes of contraction could be distinctly engineered. These data suggest that physical constrainment of muscle cells by extracellular matrix may be an important regulator of myofibrillar organization.
| S-EPMC3910252 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cardiac action potential alternans and early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are linked to cardiac arrhythmias. Periodic action potentials (period 1) in healthy conditions bifurcate to other states such as period 2 or chaos when alternans or EADs occur in pathological conditions. The mechanisms of alternans and EADs have been extensively studied under steady-state conditions, but lethal arrhythmias often occur during the transition between steady states. Why arrhythmias tend to develop during the transition is unclear. We used low-dimensional mathematical models to analyze dynamical mechanisms of transient alternans and EADs. We show that depending on the route from one state to another, action potential alternans and EADs may occur during the transition between two periodic steady states. The route taken depends on the time course of external perturbations or intrinsic signaling, such as β-adrenergic stimulation, which regulate cardiac calcium and potassium currents with differential kinetics.
| S-EPMC3984988 | biostudies-literature