Synaptic localization of ?5 GABA (A) receptors via gephyrin interaction regulates dendritic outgrowth and spine maturation.

ABSTRACT: GABAA receptor subunit composition is a critical determinant of receptor localization and physiology, with synaptic receptors generating phasic inhibition and extrasynaptic receptors producing tonic inhibition. Extrasynaptically localized ?5 GABAA receptors are largely responsible for tonic inhibition in hippocampal neurons. However, we show here that inhibitory synapses also contain a constant level of ?5 GABAA receptors throughout neuronal development, as measured by its colocalization with gephyrin, the inhibitory postsynaptic scaffolding protein. Immunoprecipitation of the ?5 subunit from both cultured neurons and adult rat brain coimmunoprecipitated gephyrin, confirming this interaction in vivo. Furthermore, the ?5 subunit can interact with gephyrin independent of other synaptically localized alpha subunits, as shown by immunoprecipitation experiments in HEK cells. By replacing the ?5 predicted gephyrin binding domain (Residues 370-385) with either the high affinity gephyrin binding domain of the ?2 subunit or homologous residues from the extrasynaptic ?4 subunit that does not interact with gephyrin, ?5 GABAA receptor localization shifted into or out of the synapse, respectively. These shifts in the ratio of synaptic/extrasynaptic ?5 localization disrupted dendritic outgrowth and spine maturation. In contrast to the predominant view of ?5 GABAA receptors being extrasynaptic and modulating tonic inhibition, we identify an intimate association of the ?5 subunit with gephyrin, resulting in constant synaptic levels of ?5 GABAA R throughout circuit formation that regulates neuronal development.

SUBMITTER: Brady ML 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5240477 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature