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Are there specific readers of oxidized 5-methylcytosine bases?


ABSTRACT: 5-methylcytosine (5mC) was long thought to be the only enzymatically created modified DNA base in mammalian cells. The discovery of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine, and 5-carboxylcytosine as reaction products of the TET family 5mC oxidases has prompted extensive searches for proteins that specifically bind to these oxidized bases. However, only a few of such "reader" proteins have been identified and verified so far. In this review, we discuss potential biological functions of oxidized 5mC as well as the role the presumed reader proteins may play in interpreting the genomic signals of 5mC oxidation products.

SUBMITTER: Song J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5294966 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Are there specific readers of oxidized 5-methylcytosine bases?

Song Jikui J   Pfeifer Gerd P GP  

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 20160802 10


5-methylcytosine (5mC) was long thought to be the only enzymatically created modified DNA base in mammalian cells. The discovery of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine, and 5-carboxylcytosine as reaction products of the TET family 5mC oxidases has prompted extensive searches for proteins that specifically bind to these oxidized bases. However, only a few of such "reader" proteins have been identified and verified so far. In this review, we discuss potential biological functions of oxidized  ...[more]

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