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Evolutionary fine-tuning of conformational ensembles in FimH during host-pathogen interactions.

ABSTRACT: Positive selection in the two-domain type 1 pilus adhesin FimH enhances Escherichia coli fitness in urinary tract infection (UTI). We report a comprehensive atomic-level view of FimH in two-state conformational ensembles in solution, composed of one low-affinity tense (T) and multiple high-affinity relaxed (R) conformations. Positively selected residues allosterically modulate the equilibrium between these two conformational states, each of which engages mannose through distinct binding orientations. A FimH variant that only adopts the R state is severely attenuated early in a mouse model of uncomplicated UTI but is proficient at colonizing catheterized bladders in vivo or bladder transitional-like epithelial cells in vitro. Thus, the bladder habitat has barrier(s) to R state-mediated colonization possibly conferred by the terminally differentiated bladder epithelium and/or decoy receptors in urine. Together, our studies reveal the conformational landscape in solution, binding mechanisms, and adhesive strength of an allosteric two-domain adhesin that evolved "moderate" affinity to optimize persistence in the bladder during UTI.

SUBMITTER: Kalas V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5302871 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evolutionary fine-tuning of conformational ensembles in FimH during host-pathogen interactions.

Kalas Vasilios V Pinkner Jerome S JS Hannan Thomas J TJ Hibbing Michael E ME Dodson Karen W KW Holehouse Alex S AS Zhang Hao H Tolia Niraj H NH Gross Michael L ML Pappu Rohit V RV Janetka James J Hultgren Scott J SJ

Science advances 20170210 2

Positive selection in the two-domain type 1 pilus adhesin FimH enhances <i>Escherichia coli</i> fitness in urinary tract infection (UTI). We report a comprehensive atomic-level view of FimH in two-state conformational ensembles in solution, composed of one low-affinity tense (T) and multiple high-affinity relaxed (R) conformations. Positively selected residues allosterically modulate the equilibrium between these two conformational states, each of which engages mannose through distinct binding o ...[more]

PMID: 28246638

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Project description:The goal of this project is to understand the etiology and pathology of host-pathogen interaction using high-throughput cellular phenotyping. By combining the expertise in pathogen biology, informatics and stem cell biology across the institute, this project will use targeted genetic modification in mouse embryonic stem cells to identify functions of host genes in innate immunity. We will also explore the biology of mouse embryonic stem cells and their differentiation into immune competent cells. To this end we will generate homozygous and inducible knockout lines in mouse embryonic stem cells, which will be differentiated into immune competent cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells. These will be subjected to a panel of immune challenge and stimulation assays to characterise the functions of the disrupted genes. To identify new functions for mammalian genes in innate immunity we will:\Generate a panel of homozygous inducible gene knockout mouse ES cell lines working from a list of ca. 80 candidate genes (MGP phenotyping and GWAS hits). \Scale up differentiation protocols for immune challenge and stimulation assays.\Benchmark in vitro differentiated ES cell models against primary immune cells from selected MGP mouse lines and eventually against human iPS cells.\Screen a panel of 30 genetically modified cell lines in immunological challenge and stimulation assays, defining phenotypes at the cellular level by high content imaging, biochemically by assaying cytokine production, and at the molecular level by transcriptome analysis.\Define novel gene functions in innate immunity through network analysis of gene expression data from all challenged cell lines.\In the longer term scale up the production and phenotyping of genetically modified cell lines (mouse or human as appropriate).This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

Dataset Information

Evolutionary fine-tuning of conformational ensembles in FimH during host-pathogen interactions.

Publications

Evolutionary fine-tuning of conformational ensembles in FimH during host-pathogen interactions.

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