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Association between dietary nitrate and nitrite intake and sitespecific cancer risk: evidence from observational studies.

ABSTRACT: Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings on the association between dietary nitrate and nitrite intake and cancer risk. We performed a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to summarize available evidence on the association between dietary nitrate and nitrite intake and cancer risk from published prospective and case-control studies. PubMed database was searched to identify eligible publications through April 30th, 2016. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) from individual studies were pooled by using random- or fixed- model, and heterogeneity and publication bias analyses were conducted. Data from 62 observational studies, 49 studies for nitrates and 51 studies for nitrites, including a total of 60,627 cancer cases were analyzed. Comparing the highest vs. lowest levels, dietary nitrate intake was inversely associated with gastric cancer risk (RR = 0.78; 95%CI = 0.67-0.91) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 42.3%). In contrast, dietary nitrite intake was positively associated with adult glioma and thyroid cancer risk with pooled RR of 1.21 (95%CI = 1.03-1.42) and 1.52 (95%CI = 1.12-2.05), respectively. No significant associations were found between dietary nitrate/nitrite and cancers of the breast, bladder, colorectal, esophagus, renal cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarian, and pancreas. The present meta-analysis provided modest evidence that positive associations of dietary nitrate and negative associations of dietary nitrite with certain cancers.

SUBMITTER: Xie L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5302962 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association Between Dietary Nitrite intake and Glioma Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

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| S-EPMC9304866 | biostudies-literature

Association between Dietary Nitrate, Nitrite Intake, and Site-Specific Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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| S-EPMC3980001 | biostudies-literature

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Association between Dietary Intakes of Nitrate and Nitrite and the Risk of Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

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| S-EPMC5188466 | biostudies-literature

The association between dietary isoflavones intake and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Isoflavones, a class of phytoestrogenic compounds, are abundant in soybeans. A number of epidemiological studies have investigated the association between dietary isoflavones intake and the risk of gastric cancer. However, the results are inconclusive. Therefore, the meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary isoflavones intake on the risk of gastric cancer. METHODS:Relevant studies from May 1992 to May 2017 were identified through searching PubMed and Web of Science. Additional articles were identified from the reference lists of relevant review articles. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effects model. Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to evaluate publication bias. RESULTS:Seven articles reporting 12 studies were included in the current meta-analysis. We found no significant association between dietary isoflavones intake and gastric cancer risk with the highest versus the lowest categories of dietary isoflavones intake (OR?=?0.97, 95% CI?=?0.87-1.09, I2 =?27.5%). Subgroup analyses generally yield similar results. CONCLUSIONS:Higher dietary isoflavones intake is not associated with a decline in the risk of gastric cancer.

| S-EPMC5905165 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC8387575 | biostudies-literature

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