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Infiltrated bunch of solitons in Bi-doped frequency-shifted feedback fibre laser operated at 1450?nm.

ABSTRACT: Mode-locked fibre laser as a dissipative system is characterized by rich forms of soliton interaction, which take place via internal energy exchange through noisy background in the presence of dispersion and nonlinearity. The result of soliton interaction was either stationary-localized or chaotically-oscillated soliton complexes, which have been shown before as stand-alone in the cavity. Here we report on a new form of solitons complex observed in Bi-doped mode-locked fibre laser operated at 1450?nm. The solitons are arranged in two different group types contemporizing in the cavity: one pulse group propagates as bound solitons with fixed phase relation and interpulse position eventuated in 30?dB spectrum modulation depth; while the other pulses form a bunch with continuously and chaotically moving solitons. The article describes both experimental and theoretical considerations of this effect.

SUBMITTER: Rissanen J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5345058 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Infiltrated bunch of solitons in Bi-doped frequency-shifted feedback fibre laser operated at 1450 nm.

Rissanen Joona J Korobko Dmitry A DA Zolotovsky Igor O IO Melkumov Mikhail M Khopin Vladimir F VF Gumenyuk Regina R

Scientific reports 20170310

Mode-locked fibre laser as a dissipative system is characterized by rich forms of soliton interaction, which take place via internal energy exchange through noisy background in the presence of dispersion and nonlinearity. The result of soliton interaction was either stationary-localized or chaotically-oscillated soliton complexes, which have been shown before as stand-alone in the cavity. Here we report on a new form of solitons complex observed in Bi-doped mode-locked fibre laser operated at 14 ...[more]

PMID: 28281677

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Project description:Articular cartilage has limited capacity for regeneration and when damaged cannot be repaired with currently available metallic or synthetic implants. We aim to bioengineer a microfibre-reinforced hydrogel that can capture the zonal depth-dependent mechanical properties of native cartilage, and simultaneously support neo-cartilage formation. With this goal, a sophisticated bi-layered microfibre architecture, combining a densely distributed crossed fibre mat (superficial tangential zone, STZ) and a uniform box structure (middle and deep zone, MDZ), was successfully manufactured via melt electrospinning and combined with a gelatin-methacrylamide hydrogel. The inclusion of a thin STZ layer greatly increased the composite construct's peak modulus under both incongruent (3.2-fold) and congruent (2.1-fold) loading, as compared to hydrogels reinforced with only a uniform MDZ structure. Notably, the stress relaxation response of the bi-layered composite construct was comparable to the tested native cartilage tissue. Furthermore, similar production of sulphated glycosaminoglycans and collagen II was observed for the novel composite constructs cultured under mechanical conditioning w/o TGF-ß1 supplementation and in static conditions w/TGF-ß1 supplementation, which confirmed the capability of the novel composite construct to support neo-cartilage formation upon mechanical stimulation. To conclude, these results are an important step towards the design and manufacture of biomechanically competent implants for cartilage regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Damage to articular cartilage results in severe pain and joint disfunction that cannot be treated with currently available implants. This study presents a sophisticated bioengineered bi-layered fibre reinforced cell-laden hydrogel that can approximate the functional mechanical properties of native cartilage. For the first time, the importance of incorporating a viable superficial tangential zone (STZ) - like structure to improve the load-bearing properties of bioengineered constructs, particularly when in-congruent surfaces are compressed, is demonstrated. The present work also provides new insights for the development of implants that are able to promote and guide new cartilaginous tissue formation upon physiologically relevant mechanical stimulation.

Dataset Information

Infiltrated bunch of solitons in Bi-doped frequency-shifted feedback fibre laser operated at 1450?nm.

Publications

Infiltrated bunch of solitons in Bi-doped frequency-shifted feedback fibre laser operated at 1450 nm.

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